噴射引擎機車使用酒精混合汽油為燃料所致氣態污染物影響

本篇文章研究探討四行程噴射引擎機車，使用E15酒精汽油與95市售無鉛汽油為燃料所致引擎尾氣排放污染物於無觸媒排氣管條件下之差異。測試作業於車體動力計上進行，行駛型態為依國內標準測試程序CNS 11386採冷啟動測試。解析項目包括：法定污染物、揮發性有機污染物、醛酮類化合物及有機性有害污染物（苯、甲苯、乙苯、二甲苯、甲醛及乙醛），並探討臭氧生成潛勢影響。研究結果顯示，四行程噴射引擎機車使用E15酒精汽油CO（(2.38 g/km）與THC（0.47 g/km）排放係數相較使用95市售油皆為減量，減量比例約10%，NOx排放係數則無明顯減量。於總有機化合物及烷類、烯類及芳香烴等族群，使用酒精汽油為燃料所致排放係數亦較市售油為低；醛酮化合物排放係數呈相反趨勢，與市售油相較排放增加約22%，原因為醇類燃燒易生成甲醛及乙醛所致。有機性有害空氣污染物分析結果顯示，噴射引擎機車使用酒精汽油為燃料對苯、甲苯、乙苯及二甲苯排放係數皆呈減量，減量比例為13-22%；然會大幅增加乙醛排放，排放係數由3.3 mg/km增加為6.6 mg/km。臭氧生成潛勢結果顯示，使用E15酒精汽油為燃料之四行程噴射引擎廢氣排放約降低11%總臭氧生成潛勢（0.85 g-O3/km），主要係因烷類、烯類及芳香烴類化合物皆有減量所致。

關鍵字

E15酒精汽油； 95無鉛汽油；基準污染物；有機性化合物；臭氧生成潛勢

並列摘要

In this study, two four-stroke motorcycle with fuel-injection engine, were tested to evaluate the effects of ethanol-gasoline blend on air pollutant emissions. Gasoline contains 15 vol% ethanol (E15) and with a constant research octane number was used as test fuel. The commercial unleaded gasoline (RF) was also tested as a reference case. Economic Commission for Europe cycle was used for the motorcycle emission test. Criteria air pollutants (CO, THC, and NOx) and organic air pollutant groups were analyzed. The results showed that the CO emissions (2.38 g/km) of E15 decreased by 10% for fuel-injection engines, when compared with those of RF. THC emissions also showed a reduction by 10% for fuel-injection engine (0.47 g/km). A comparable treads for NOx emission was observed as using E15. Organic air pollutant group emission factors of E15, except carbonyl, were lower than those of RF for the test motorcycle. High emissions of acetaldehyde contributed high carbonyl group emission while using ethanol blend. Furthermore, the results of ozone-forming potential also show that using E15 may lead to low ozone-forming potential (0.85 g-O3/km) as compared to unleaded gasoline (0.95 g-O3/km).

並列關鍵字

E15 blend ； commercial unleaded gasoline ； criteria and organic air pollutants ； ozone-forming potential (OFP)

國際替代計量

噴射引擎機車使用酒精混合汽油為燃料所致氣態污染物影響

全文下載

主題瀏覽