生態政治學的反思：氣候變遷法制化之政治因素分析

Rethinking of Ecological Politics: Political Consideration and Its Impact to Legalization of Climate Change

蔡東杰(Tung-Chieh Tsai) ； 蘇義淵(Yi-Yuan Su)

《政治與政策》 1卷2期 (2011/10) Pp. 65-89

摘要

自從氣候變遷問題在1970年代後被列入國際議事日程以來，多數焦點均聚焦於相關科學檢證過程以及必要之建制性回應上，從充滿挫折之過程看來，各種國際政治意涵亦同時充斥其間。可以這麼說，國家從自身利益出發所導致的爾虞我詐既讓人目不暇給，大國企圖利用權力優勢影響談判發展也時有所見；正因如此，氣候議題雖攸關全人類社會未來前景，但嘗試透過法制化以獲致某種預期性的努力仍舊陷入原地踏步的窘境，一方面迄今召開的國際會議都無法提出徹底解決方案，工業化和開發中國家對於若干議題的立場落差似乎也預告了在可見之未來恐難有結果。總的來說，本文希望從氣候議題背景與主要解決努力方向（法制化）入手，首先說明當前氣候治理問題在「理想」與「現實」之間的落差，其次則試圖衍伸至重建認知（生態政治學）的角度，希望能對思索相關議題提供進一步之貢獻。

關鍵字

生態政治學 ； 全球治理 ； 法制化 ； 氣候變遷 ； 國家利益

並列摘要

Since issues about climate change caught more and more attentions in 1970s, firstly, most arguments focus on the scientific examination and the necessary institutional responses for them, anyway, the development till now actually do full of all kinds of frustration. Obviously, one of the important backgrounds comes from the complicate struggle of national interests in the global political stage, especially from great powers trying to influence outcome of negotiation. Maybe it's why though climate change could even decide the future of human society, most efforts trying to push the building of international institution are essentially not growing. As we could see, not only a series of international conferences (i.e., the COP series) failed to offer any possible initiative, the huge distance between views from the industrialized countries and the developing ones also implies the possible negative outcome of the communications above.In this paper, firstly, we try to re-exam origin and background about the issues of climate change, and then show why there's a so big gap between ideal and reality in contemporary agenda of global climate governance. Furthermore, the main purpose of this article is to bring in some conception about the ecological politics, and hope it'll be helpful to the re-considering of relative issues.

並列關鍵字

Ecological politics ； Global governance ； Legalization ； Climate change ； National interest

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