明清韻書韻圖反映吳語音韻特點觀察

The Observation on Correspondences between Ming-Qing Rhyme books-rhyme Charts and Phonological Characteristics of Wu Dialect

林慶勳(Ching-Hsiun Lin)

《聲韻論叢》 14期 (2006/10) Pp. 91-112

https://doi.org/10.29753/CP.200610.0006

摘要

本文選用明清韻書、韻圖23種，觀察它們反映吳語音韻特點的成分。這批文獻選用標準，主要以作者籍貫為考量，凡是屬於江蘇、浙江、安徽三省的韻書、韻圖作者，都是本文考察的對象。不過江浙皖地區，除吳語外也有江淮官話及徽州方言，官話與吳語差異性比較大，不是本文關注所在，徽州話與吳語則有某些相似性，因此也成為本文附帶討論的方言。本文認為一個人受母語影響相當大，無論成長後在什麼方言地區發展，當他編輯韻書或韻圖時，必然多少受到母語的制約，因此本文以此為基本觀念，觀察23種文獻的音韻特點，結果發現幾乎每一種著作都會受到母語的影響，其中又以聲母受到的影響大於韻母受到的影響。

關鍵字

吳語 ； 徽州方言 ； 宣州片

並列摘要

Twenty-three sets of rhyme books and rhyme charts are chosen for this writing to observe the components which reflect the phonological characteristics of Wu dialect. The standard for choosing the documents mainly based on the authors' geological backgrounds. All authors of rhyme books and rhyme charts in the areas of Jiang-su, Jejiang and An-hui are targets to be investigated here. But there are still Jiang-Huai Mandarin dialects and Huichou dialects besides Wu dialect in the areas above. However, the differences between Mandarin dialects and Wu dialect are not concerned here while Huichou dialects discussed for its certain similarities with Wu dialect.
It is considered that speakers are highly affected by their mother tongues which will become an ineradicable condition when he or she edits rhyme books or rhyme charts no matter what dialectal areas the editors live in when of age. Based on this concept, phonological characteristics among the twenty-three documents are observed. It turns out that almost every piece of work is more or less affected by the author's mother tongue especially the influence on the onsets is more obvious than on the rhymes.

並列關鍵字

Wu dialect ； Huichou dialect ； Xuanzhou pian