大專五人制足球員與大專運動習慣男子反覆衝刺運動與有氧間歇運動表現與自律神經活性之比較

Comparisons of Autonomic Nervous Activation and Exercise Performance between University Futsal Players and Physical Active University Students after Repeated Sprint Exercise and Aerobic Intermittent Exercise

陳永盛(Yung-Sheng Chen) ； 曾國維(Kuo-Wai Tseng) ； 侯建文(Chein-Wen Hou) ； 陳書芸(Su-Yun Chen)

《運動研究》 25卷1期 (2016/06) Pp. 51-66

https://doi.org/10.6167/JSR/2016.25(1)5

摘要

本研究比較大專五人制足球員與運動習慣之大專男子學生於20公尺來回反覆衝刺運動（repeated sprint abllity，無氧運動模式）與Yo-Yo間歇恢復運動（Yo-Yo iniermittent recovery test level 1，有氧運動模式）後心率變異度、血乳酸濃度、運動自覺量表之變化。10名國內大專體育相關科系非運動專長男子學生（對照組）與10名大專公開組男子五人制足球員（五人制組）以隨機的方式分別完成反覆衝刺運動與Yo-Yo間歇恢復運動。參與者於運動前15分鐘與運動後30分鐘分別測量血乳酸濃度、運動自覺量表與臥姿安靜心電圖。研究結果顯示，五人制組在反覆衝刺運動與Yo-Yo間歇恢復測試運動能力明顯優於對照組。血乳酸濃度與運動自覺量表於反覆衝刺運動與Yo-Yo間歇恢復運動前後兩組之問皆無明顯差異，代表兩組皆經歷相似的運動壓力。心率變異度指標中，五人制組於反覆衝刺運動後高頻功率（high-frequency power, HFP）與高頻功率比（normalization of HFP, nHFP）低於對照組，而極低頻功率比（normalization of very low-frequency power, nVLFP）則高於對照組；Yo-Yo間歇恢復運動運動後兩組之問心率變異度指標沒有顯著差異。而運動模式比較中，只發現五人制組Yo-Yo間歇恢復運動後低頻功率比（normalization of LFP, nLFP）明顯高於反覆衝刺運動後低頻功率比。本研究結論為無氧運動屬性的高強度反覆衝刺運動後，大專五人制足球員心因性副交感神經活性低於大專體育科系學生。而有氧運動屬性的Yo-Yo間歇恢復運動後，大專五人制足球員與大專體育科系學生心因性自律神經調控方式則沒有差異。

關鍵字

交感神經 ； 副交感神經 ； 自律神經系統 ； Yo-Yo間歇恢復測試 ； 反覆衝刺

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute effects of repeated sprint ability (RSA) and Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo-Yo) on heart rate variability (HRV) in collegiate male futsal players and physically active collegiate students. Ten collegiate physical education students without specific sport training status (control group) and 10 collegiate first division futsal player training 3 ~ 4 times/week (futsal group) participated the study. Electrocardiographic (ECG) signals, blood lactate concentration, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were recorded in supine position 15 min before and 30 min after the RSA or Yo-Yo test in a sport massage room. Time domain and frequency domain analyses were used to evaluate the exercise-induced alterations in the autonomic functions. The results showed that the capacity of the RSA and total covered distance of Yo-Yo test were greater in the futsal group than those in the control group. For the blood lactate concentration and RPE, no significant difference of between-groups comparison was found in either pre- or post-exercise measurement. This finding indicated both groups had experienced similar exercise stresses. During the RSA test, lower high-frequency power (HFP) and normalization of HFP (nHFP), and higher normalization of very low-frequency power (nVLFP) were observed in the futsal group, compared with the control group. However, there were no significant differences of post-exercise HRV indices in the group-comparison after the Yo-Yo test. In comparison between the RSA and Yo-Yo test, a significant difference was only found in normalization of LFP (nLFP) during post-exercise measurement in the futsal group. In conclusion, futsal players decreased vagal activation after the RSA exercise intervention. The inhibitory effect of cardiac vagal modulation after repeated sprints indicated the adaptive change in cardiac autonomic function to futsal training.

並列關鍵字

ympathetic nerve ； parasympathetic nerve ； automatic nervous system ； Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test ； repeated sprint ability

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