臺灣特殊教育綜論（三）：挑戰與展望

An Overview of Special Education in Taiwan (III): Challenges and Perspectives

吳武典(Wu-Tien Wu)

《特殊教育季刊》 132期 (2014/09) Pp. 1-8

https://doi.org/10.6217/SEQ.2014.132.1-8

摘要

臺灣特殊教育之發展已有相當規模和成果，但在落實特殊教育理想的實踐過程中，仍面臨一些問題與挑戰，有待繼續努力，以求精進。本文特提出十大挑戰（課題）和十大展望（建言）。前者包括身心障礙兒童國民教育向下延伸至二歲、支持性與無障礙環境之營造、加強資優教育師資培育與進修、融合教育之推動等；後者包括多途並進、彈性安置、區分性課程與教學、規劃辦理具有創新實驗性質的特殊教育（如「重點學校」）等。期待臺灣特殊教育發展多元就學方案，提升特教學生學習品質，落實教育機會均等，以實現適性揚才教育之目標。

關鍵字

特殊教育 ； 無障礙環境 ； 身心障礙兒童 ； 資優教育師資 ； 融合教育

並列摘要

Special education in Taiwan have been expanded and improved considerably in past decades. However, there are emerging issues and challenges that need to be addressed. In the meantime, the author identifies 10 challenges and 10 suggestions for future development. The challenges include extending free special education for the children with disabilities as young as two years old, strengthening support system and creating barrier-free educational environment, enhancing gifted education teacher's qualification and expertise, and promoting inclusive education programs, etc. The suggestions include applying multiple and flexible placement approach, adopting differentiated curriculum and instruction, and trying innovative model of special education, such as the ＂focal school＂, for instance. We can expect that special education in Taiwan will become a more normalized experience for all special needs children, and it will be improved to ensure each of special needs children a truly equal opportunity of education and future success in adulthood.

並列關鍵字

special education ； children with disabilities ； barrier-free environment ； gifted education teacher ； inclusive education

參考文獻

吳武典(2005)。融合教育的迴響與檢討。教育研究月刊。136，28-42。

國家教育研究院編(2011)。臺灣百年教育之回顧與展望。臺北:編者。

吳武典(2013)。臺灣資優教育四十年（一）：回首前塵。資優教育季刊。126，1-11。

吳武典(2014)。臺灣特殊教育的過去、現在與未來。中華民國傷殘重建協會會刊。4，5-23。

吳武典、張正芬、盧台華、蔡崇建(1991)。殘障學生對「無障礙校園環境」之需求之評估研究。特殊教育研究學刊。7，23-41。