單親婦女的生活困境與福利需求：以非營利機構受助者為例

Difficulties and Needs of Female Single-Parents: Using Recipients in Non-profit Institutions as Examples

馬淑蓉 ； 吳惠如 ； 郭俊巖 ； 賴秦瑩 ； 巫承宗

《社會發展研究學刊》 13期 (2013/06) Pp. 72-108

https://doi.org/10.6687/JSDS.2013.13.4

摘要

本文旨在探討單親婦女的就業困境、生活難題及福利需求，為達此目的，本文採訪談法針對8位接受社福機構扶助的單親婦女進行資料的蒐集及分析。研究發現：1.單親婦女面臨子女照顧和全職工作難兼顧；2.社會救助法資格審核嚴苛和親屬支持有限，民間社會福利機構成為協助單親婦女的重要機制；3.婚姻不幸和經濟壓力易致身心症；4.單親婦女面臨居無定所和積欠健保費的生活難題。依此，本文的政策建議如下：1.放寬貧窮線認定標準和福利給付水準適時調整；2.保障非典型就業者的權益；3.修正全民健保「論口計費」制度和宣傳健保欠費紓困管道；4.協助單親婦女解決托兒問題，以利穩定就業。

關鍵字

貧窮 ； 女性單親 ； 婚姻暴力 ； 社會福利 ； 工作貧窮

並列摘要

This study probed into female single-parents' difficulties in job market, obstacles in lives and needs of welfare. According to the research purposes, this study conducted interviews on eight female single-parents who are the recipients of aids from social welfare institutions. According to the findings: 1) female single-parents cannot take care of their children and work full-time at the same time; 2) the qualification set in the Social Assistance Act is strict, and relatives' support is limited; thus, female single-parents turn to private social welfare institutions for help; 3) female single-parents tend to face mental illness caused by marital suffering and economic pressure; 4) female single-parents do not have fixed domiciles and they owe the payment for national health insurance. Thus, this study proposes the suggestions for policy: 1) loosen the poverty standard and provide proper adjustment on welfare payment; 2) guarantee the rights of atypical employees; 3) modify ”charge by number of dependent insured” system of national health insurance and promote the measures to solve the debts for national health insurance; 4) help female single-parents to care for children in order to stabilize their jobs.

並列關鍵字

Poverty ； Female Single-Parent ； Marital Violence ； Social Welfare ； Working Poor

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