知詩者的多重身分：《列朝詩集》與《明詩綜》的吳中傾向與對史傳文學的影響

明清兩代承革層面諸多，但同時影響詩學與史傳，並牽涉文字記憶體系者，當推詩集編纂的浪潮。浪尖代表人物之一的錢謙益（1582－1664）首將「以詩繫人，以人繫傳」此概念操作於其一朝詩選：《列朝詩集》中，該作不只立下形式，更逐層影響與之對話者。如，朱彝尊（1629－1709）之《明詩綜》、各地方志之人物傳，乃至其後的地方詩集。本文由《列朝詩集》、《明詩綜》兩部大作為主要切入，由兩作詩、史互繫所描摹的人物，組構錢、朱二人對詩壇認同的價值，更討論二人於編纂親近的地方人物時，如何處理己身也是地方文化一員的斷面。即便是「知詩者」仍是「地方人」，多重身分與人情幽微，反倒成為尚未探究的模糊空間。是以，研究次序上將由吳中人物被兩作取用的佔比統計展開分析，重新檢視此形式在兩作中的具體效果，透看編纂者的取用傾向，也重審地方史料如何承繼、交互，進而探問選編者替「地方」敘述帶來的新方向。

關鍵字

《列朝詩集》；《明詩綜》；吳中；錢謙益；朱彝尊

並列摘要

In addition to diversity, literary inheritance, and reformation, the Ming and Qing dynasties also affected poetry and history-biography, and the rise of poem collections is what affected the text recording system. As one of the leading figures at that time, QianQianyi (1582-1664) was the first to apply the concept of ＂linking poetry to people and people to biography＂ to his dynasty-based LiechaoshiJi (列朝詩集Collection of Poems of the Dynasty). Besides setting out a new genre, the Collection has influenced those discoursing with it at all levels, such as MingshiZong (明詩綜Anthology of Ming Poetry) by Zhu Yizun (1629-1709), biographies in local chronicles, and local poetry collections after his. Based on the Collection and the Anthology, this paper investigates the value of Qian and Zhu in the poetry world in terms of the characters depicted in the poems and history-biographies in both works. This paper also discusses how they handle local cultural influences when compiling works of people from the same native place who are closed to them. Despite the fact that ＂only insiders know＂, multiple identities and friendship influences have become an unexplored grey zone. Hence, the study begins with an analysis of the proportion of poets from Wu (Jiangsu) selected by both authors to re-examine the actual effects of this genre in both works. Through the orientation of poem selection of both compilers, the inheritance and interaction of local history materials are reviewed to investigate the new directions that were brought to the ＂local area＂ by compilers.