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階梯有氧運動中不同趨階方式的人體衝擊分析

The Analysis of Ground Impact of Different Approaching Step in Step Aerobics

摘要


近年的有氧舞蹈一直朝舞步複雜花俏發展,但在兼顧變化性的同時是否會犧牲安全性是本研究想探討的。本研究的目的是想比較不同趨階方式對地面反作用力的影響,亦即不同的趨階方式雖然較能增加變化性,但運動參與者是否同時也因不同的動作模式而承受較高的衝擊性。本研究以國立體育學院的男性研究生為實驗對象共七人,其平均年齡為27.29±3.59歲、體重為77.29±8.98公斤,每位受試者以三種趨階方式(後下、前下及側下)為主要變項進行實驗,為了去除鞋子的影響因素,受試者赤腳進行下、下、上、上的動作,各重複四次,分別以左、右腳作為起始腳,並以不同的音樂速度(每分鐘125及130下)控制動作速度,測量時以Kistler測力板系統來收集地面反作用力,擷取頻率為1200Hz,比較每個動作地面反作用力的峰值、最大負荷率與街壘,將所取得的資料以SPSS統計軟體進行相依樣本T考驗,顯著水準定為0.05。結果顯示:當階梯高度為四英吋時,後下趨階及側下趨階是安全的,但當高度增加時,對於初學者而言,不宜將由增加趨階方式來增加變化或強度。此結果表示,前下階梯與其他兩種趨階方式比較是較危險的趨階方式。故在此建議體適能水準不足及階梯運動之初學者,在從事階梯運動時,從後下及側下趨階方式入門,才是兼顧安全與運動益處的做法。

並列摘要


The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of changing approaching step on ground reaction force. Seven male volunteers with no previous experience of step aerobics were recruited to perform at two different step heights: 4 and 8 inches. Subjects performed four ”reverse” basic step (down、down、up、up) for each condition to collect the ground reaction force. And they didn't wear shoe to eliminate shoe effect. They moved with music at a cadence of 125 and 130 beats per minute. Leading leg was right and left in turns. The dependent factors were three different ways of approaching step: front、back and side. Measurements of peak impact force、impulse and maximum loading rate were calculated. Significant differences were found between front and back、back and side approaching steps. No significant difference was found between front and side approaching step when step height was 4 inches. The study suggested that participants should use front and side approaching steps to reduce risks of sport injuries.

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