優秀和一般高中女子跳高選手助跑和起跳動作分析

An Analysis of the Outstanding and the Common High School Female High Jump Contestant Movement at Approach and Takes Off

黃世州(Shih-Chou Huang) ； 林聰哲(Tsung-Jer Lin)

《大專體育學術專刊》 94年度 (2005/05) Pp. 526-531

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200505_94.0052

摘要

跳高運動是一種高度的競賽，經由助跑與起跳將水平速度轉化為垂直速度，將水平位移轉變為拋射運動，藉助跑與起跳的動能，求得拋物線的更高點，獲取騰越高度最有利的拋射軌跡。本研究以優秀高中女子跳高選手和一般高中女子跳高選手為對象，利用錄像解析法和數理統計法進行分析，主要目的在比較優秀高中女子選手和一般高中女子選手，在跳高的助跑階段與起跳階段的速度與動作的差異。結果顯示：一、一般高中女子跳高運動員平均助跑速度與優秀女子跳高選手之間存在著顯著性差異。二、優秀跳高選手不僅在最後的助跑速度優於一般選手，且在助跑與起跳前一步速度減緩的掌握都優於一般選手。三、一般高中女子選手比優秀高中女子選手在平均起跳距離上較短，相對的助跑速度較慢的一般高中選手拋射距離也較短。四、優秀女子選手起跳時間較短，能成功減少水平速度的損失，才能有效的將水平速度轉換為垂直速度。

關鍵字

高中女子跳高選手 ； 助跑速度 ； 起跳距離 ； 起跳時間

並列摘要

The high jump movement is one kind of altitude competition. With takes off by way of the approach the level speed transformation is the vertical velocity; horizontal movement becomes the throw movement. The affiliation approach with the kinetic energy which takes off, Obtains the parabola the high spot, the gain jumps over advantageously highly projects the path. This research take the outstanding high school female high jump contestant and the common high school female high jump contestant as an object, Carry on the analysis using the video recording analysis and them mathematical statistic to compared with outstanding high school female contestant and common high school female contestant with takes off the phase speed in the high jump approach phase and the movement difference. The study shows several results. 1. Between the common high school female high-jumper average approach speed and the outstanding female high jump contestant has clear difference. 2. The outstanding high jump contestant not only surpasses the common contestant in the final approach speed, also with takes off the preceding step of speed in the approach to slow down grasps all surpasses then the common contestant. 3. The common high school female contestant takes off the outstanding high school female contestant in the average is away from on is shorter than, the relative approach speed slower common high school contestants project are away from are also shorter. 4. The outstanding female contestant takes off the time to be shorter, can succeed the reduction level speed loss; can be effective the level speed transformation is the vertical velocity.

並列關鍵字

high school female high jump contestant ； approach speed ； takes off the distance ； the time of takes off