瑞士制競賽制度之合理分析

The Equitableness Analysis of Swiss System Tournaments

徐偉庭(Wei-Ting Hsu) ； 吳國銑(Kou-Hsien Wu) ； 張祿純(Lu-Chun Chang)

《大專體育學術專刊》 98年度 (2009/05) Pp. 319-325

https://doi.org/10.6695/AUES.200905_98.0042

摘要

目的：本研究欲瞭解瑞士制賽制是否合理，並期望研究成果可作為國內各運動競賽主辦單位之有利參考。方法：田野觀察採用瑞士制之競賽共3次；針對參賽選手發放問卷，並回收106份進行分析；訪談5位熟悉瑞士制之學者、協會人員與參賽選手。結果：一、瑞士制之原理為先比較主分（勝場數）再比較輔分（對手主分和與所負對手主分和）。二、問卷結果在「賽程編排方式」、「場次量」、「排名方式」與「籤位影響程度」共四構面皆顯示瑞士制是合理的，但由訪談結果可知四構面均存在些微缺陷，並非完全客觀。結論：一、瑞士制之基本原理類似循環制，但可藉「輔分」特性消除循環制場次過多的缺陷。二、瑞士制之賽程編排方式合理，但編排過程若遇輪空，會略微影響成績較差者的順位，而前端戰績較佳者則不會受到影響。三、瑞士制之場次數合理，但參賽人數過多時，仍會產生場次數過多之缺陷。四、瑞士制之排名方式部分合理，「輔分」特性僅能假設多數情況理應如此，因此，在排名準確度上，瑞士制賽制並非為絕對客觀。五、瑞士制之籤位影響程度小，且遭遇較強對手可產生補償作用。

關鍵字

運動賽會 ； 循環制 ； 淘汰制

並列摘要

Purpose: The study was focus on the equitableness of Swiss System tournaments. Method: The researchers entered the competitions to make observations for 3 times, selected 106 Go players as subjects with questionnaires, and explored for detail with interviews from 5 interviewees. Results: (1) The theorem of Swiss System tournaments was to compare the sum of wins, the sum of competitors' wins, and the sum of competitors' win who defeated you. (2)The aspects of Swiss System tournaments on schedule arranging, amounts of competitions, principles of ranking, influence of draw were equitable by questionnaires. But the results of interviews showed there were slight shortages in it. Conclusion: (1) Swiss System tournaments was similar to Round Robin tournaments, and it may eliminate the shortage for too many competitions of Round Robin tournaments by assisted grades. (2) The arrangement of contest schedules was equitable. When meeting interval, the order of worse standings players would be influenced, but the players with better standings would not. (3) The amounts of competitions was equitable. When there were too many players, it may lead to the shortage of too many competitions. (4) The principles of ranking were partially equitable. Assisted grade was only to explain most of situations rather than all situations. Therefore, Swiss System tournaments was not absolutely objective on accuracy of ranking. (5) The degree of influence on draw was slight, and it may arise compensation when encountering players with better strength.

並列關鍵字

sport events ； round robin tournaments ； elimination tournaments