設置防犯監視器之人格權課題

Issue of Personality Rights for Installation of CCTV for Crime Prevention

黃慧娟(Hui-Chuan Huang)

《中央警察大學警察行政管理學報》 9期 (2013/05) Pp. 75-89

摘要

公共空間設置監視器之措置，係藉由減少對他人信賴的欠缺或者喪失，以減少犯罪行為發生，並在心理層面減低居民被害恐懼程度。基於監視器具有提高保安心理之機能，使用監視器於環境管理上為世界潮流，已成為每個社會追求安全治理與對抗犯罪的必然結果。惟個人容貌及行為舉止等活動，與人格的形成及發展具密切關係，屬個人基本權範圍且應享有免於國家機關及他人侵擾的自由。即使在公共場合，未經同意，不得對任何人的容貌及行為舉止等加以干預，因此設置監視器已構成「隱私權」、「肖像權」、「表現自由」等基本權利核心之侵害。

關鍵字

人格權 ； 隱私權 ； 肖像權 ； 表現自由 ； 監視器

並列摘要

The purposes of installing CCTV in public places are to reduce the lack or loss of trust on other people, decrease the happening of criminal behaviors, and reduce citizens' fear of becoming victims in psychological level. Since CCTV has the psychological function of strengthening a sense of security in people, installation CCTV has become a world trend in environmental management, and a necessary result of each society when pursuing safe administration and fighting against crime. Nevertheless, the appearance and behaviors of individuals are closely connected to the formation and development of personality, which belongs to the scope of privacy. And everybody has the right to enjoy the freedom of not being harassed by any national institutions or any people. Even in public places, without permission of an individual, the privacy, inclusive of appearance and behaviors, of the individual should not be interfered. Therefore, installation of CCTV has constituted infringement of some basic rights of people, including ”privacy right,” ”portrait right” and ”freedom of expression.”

並列關鍵字

personality rights ； privacy right ； portrait right ； freedom of expression ； CCTV