高齡者運動指導員培育現況之探討

Discussion on the Present Situation of Cultivating Fitness Instructors for the Elderly

曾景暉(Ching-Hui Tseng) ； 藍孝勤(Hsiao-Chin Lan)

《兩岸體育學術研討會論文集》 2010年 (2010/11) Pp. 243-264

https://doi.org/10.6944/LATYHSYTHLWC.201011.0243

摘要

65歲以上人口稱之?高齡者。在多數高齡人口患有慢性疾病的情況之下，健身運動的參與將有效改善慢性疾病及延緩老化的方式之一。故多數高齡者都並無選擇運動方式與運動項目之能力，因此亟需專業運動指導員的介入，以提升高齡者運動成效。但我國目前培育高齡者運動指導員培育制度並未健全，使運高齡者運動指導員專業化未能成熟之際，進而影響動指導成效難以提升。基於此，本文提出四項高齡者指導員能力需求：專業知識、運動指導能力、運動技術與溝通能力。並探討國內學校及社會培育管道之現況，其結果如下：一、學校機構部分，雖然授課時數較長，且授課科目較?多元，但是缺乏實務性之經驗；社會機構部分則相反之。二、課程方面：學校學科部分，較偏重於老人學相關知能課程，高齡者運動處方與休閒等課程較?欠缺；術科部分，課程較?廣泛的則是高爾夫球、游泳、桌球與舞蹈；也有少數課程?，槌球、草地滾球、氣功、健行與登山。社會方面：專業知識、運動指導能力、運動技術等三項專業能力均納入各單項協會培育課程，唯有溝通能力課程較?欠缺。因此，?彌補不足之處，建議未來指導員培育課程，可增設溝通能力等相關課程，以提升高齡者運動指導員專業能力。

關鍵字

高齡者 ； 運動指導員 ； 培育制度 ； 能力需求

並列摘要

People who are above sixty-five years old are called the elderly. On the condition that the most elderly have chronic diseases, physical exercise is one way to improve the health state and to slow down ageing. Most of the elderly do not have the ability to choose the way of exercise or the exercise which is suitable for them, so the fitness instructors are needed. Hence, the effect of the elderly fitness will be increased. However, the education system of the fitness instructors for the elderly is not complete, and specialization of the fitness instructors is defective, so the effect of the fitness instruction is hard to be improved. Based on the reasons above, this article suggests four demands for the fitness instructors for the elderly: professional knowledge, abilities of fitness instructions, fitness strategies, and the ability of communication. The status quo of education systems of fitness instructors at local schools and in the community organizations are listed below, 1. Schools: Although the teaching hours are longer and the subjects are more diversified, it lacks the practical experience. The community organizations are the opposite. 2. Curriculums: At schools, the cognitive lesson about gerontology is more emphasized, but the lessons of diagnoses of the elderly fitness and recreations are insufficient. Elective classes are golf, swimming, table-tennis, and dancing. Some schools have croquet, lawn bowling, qigong, hiking and mountain climbing. In the community organizations, professional knowledge, abilities of the fitness instructions, fitness strategies, and fitness techniques are all included in the lessons, but it lacks the communication ability lesson. Thus, in order to make up for the incompleteness, it is suggested that the curriculums about communication abilities can be included in the academic lessons, which can improve the professional abilities of the elderly fitness instructors.

並列關鍵字

the elderly ； the fitness instructor ； education system ； ability demands