As long as establishing the political power over the Mainland China, the China Communist Party have considered athletics is an honorable business which has deep relation to people's felicity. Thus, they make every effort to promote athletics. In this paper, the Mainland China National Fitness Project Engineering connotation, respectively, from the background and characteristics, social values, promotion strategy, four aspects of development goals. In this paper, literature analysis, to collect the relevant information and literature published by experts as the basis for inference, and collate information to be collected, summarized, analysis, interpretation of the relevant issues we are discussing this article. Discussion of this article can be by providing sports leadership unit can have a better understanding and absorption of its merits, and then develop, modify, fitness model in line with people to achieve the characteristics of fitness with the ROC system.