台灣中部地區菊花扞插苗菌核病及藥劑防治

Sclerotinia Rot of Chrysanthemum Cuttings in Central Taiwan and Its Chemical Control

劉興隆(Hsing-Lung Liu)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 71期 (2001/06) Pp. 1-11

https://doi.org/10.6956/BTDAIS.200106.0001

摘要

在菊花育苗場調查發現，菊花扞插苗菌核病發生於2000年1月下旬至2000年4月上旬及2000年12月下旬至2001年4月上旬。罹病菊苗組織腐爛，其上佈滿棉花狀的白色菌絲及黑色菌核，在菊花育苗床形成圓形罹病區。菊花菌核病菌之最適生長溫度為20～25℃，35℃時即完全不生長。溫度與病害發生有密切關係，在25℃菊花菌核病病勢進展最快，在30℃時菊花菌核病完全不發生。菊花育苗場進行藥劑防治試驗結果，以50%免克寧水分散性粒劑1,000倍及50%撲滅寧可濕性粉劑2,000倍兩者藥效最好。

關鍵字

菊花扦插苗 ； 菌核病菌 ； 溫度 ； 化學防治

並列摘要

Several chrysanthemum propagation centers in central Taiwan were surveyed on the occurrence of Sclerotinia from January 2000 to April 2001. The disease was found at its peak between January to april 2000, and between December 2000 to April 2001. Sclerotinia disease of chrysanthemum cuttings first showed a wet rot, and then cottony white mycelium and black sclerotia formed on the diseased tissue surface, and finally a circular pattern of diseased areas appeared in the cuttingbeds. The optimal mycelium growth temperature of the fungus was at 20-25℃, but did not grow 35℃. Development of disease severity of chrysanthemum sclerotinia rot was significantly influenced by temperature. The disease developed very fast at 25℃ but did not at 30℃. In cuttingbed trials, it revealed that two fungicides, Vinclozolin and Procymidone, were markedly effective in controlling the disease.

並列關鍵字

chrysanthemum cuttings ； Sclerotinia sclerotiorum ； temperature ； chemical control