利用光積值改善番茄灌溉排程之研究

Effects of Light Integral on the Monitoring Tomato Irrigation Schedule

陳令錫(Ling-Hsi Chen) ； 陳加忠(Chia-Chung Chen)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 125期 (2014/12) Pp. 39-51

摘要

灌溉技術的課題在講求何時灌溉與每次灌溉多少水量及運送時機與灌溉水量的控制。本研究運用光度（太陽輻射強度）與作物蒸發散呈現正相關的原理，設計光積值控制邏輯，隨作物光合作用速率決定灌溉時機，並結合國產自動肥灌系統測試於介質耕番茄栽培，由試驗結果顯示，不同天候之灌溉間隔會自動縮短或延長；晴天自動縮短灌溉間隔，灌溉8~13次，尤其蒸散最強的中午前後灌溉間隔縮短成0.5 hr；下雨天自動延長灌溉間隔，灌溉2~5次，約2~3 hr灌溉一次。應用光積值的灌溉技術有效減少陰雨天的灌溉水量與養液用量58~61%，是一種簡單低成本性能穩定的灌溉技術之決策方法。

關鍵字

光積值 ； 肥灌 ； 番茄 ； 灌溉排程

並列摘要

Irrigation technology issues in particular about when to irrigate and how much water for irrigation, irrigation water delivery timing and volume control. In this study based on the principle of evapotranspiration that is proportional to light intensity so as to design the light integral control logic algorithm, and merged to the local automatic fertigation system. Experiments were carried out in a 430 m^2 greenhouse in which tomato was grown by substrate basket farming. The results indicated that 8-13 times of daily irrigation schedule was found in sunny day, and 2-5 times of daily irrigation schedule in cloudy or rainy day. Moreover, with increase ligh intensity in the sunny day, the irrigation interval was more frequent and shorten to 0.5 hour and concentrated between 10:00 AM and 15:00 PM.. In cloudy or rainy day with the weak light intensity , it found to be irrigated 2-5 times and the irrigation interval was prlonged to 2-3 hours automatically. The light integral irrigation method tested to be effectively reduce 58-61% irrigation water and nutrient from sunny days to rainy days. Therefore, on the basis of climate change, the light integral irrigation method is a stable and cost-down method to setup irrigation schedule automatically.

並列關鍵字

light integral ； fertigation ； tomato ； irrigation schedule