發芽糙米與蕎麥對誘導第二型糖尿病大鼠調節血糖之影響

Effects of Germinated Brown Rice and Buckwheat on Blood Sugar Regulation in Streptozotocin Induced Type II Diabetic Rats

陳依純(Yi-Chun Chen) ； 陳裕星(Yu-Hsin Chen) ； 劉惠菱(Huey-Ling Liu) ； 楊啟裕(Chi-Yu Yang)

《臺中區農業改良場研究彙報》 153期 (2021/12) Pp. 59-74

摘要

發芽糙米及蕎麥在營養保健功能上受到相當多矚目，本研究探討蕎麥常見不同加工方式下芸香苷含量的變化，並以誘導產生第二型糖尿病大鼠之動物模式，探討以發芽糙米或蕎麥糙米為主飲食對血糖調節的影響。在芸香苷含量分析方面韃靼蕎麥的芸香苷含量可達約14,507 ppm，加工製成苦蕎粉後芸香苷含量仍維持相當，但經膨化處理之苦蕎粒則減少至約6,045 ppm，普通蕎麥種子則約含有190 ppm芸香苷。普通蕎麥如浸種使其發芽製作芽菜，隨萌芽天數增加，芸香苷含量逐日遞增由約190 ppm至第3日可達711 ppm，肌醇含量也有同樣的增加趨勢，手性肌醇則變化較不明顯。在動物試驗方面，以STZ藥物誘導Wistar大鼠產生第二型糖尿病後，再以發芽糙米或蕎麥糙米飯取代50%之AIN76飼料餵食1個月，發現以發芽糙米、發芽糙米蕎麥等全穀飲食皆可改善空腹血糖值及葡萄糖耐受性，具有調節血糖的效果，建議消費者在不改變一般飲食習慣下，可取代適量苦蕎或普通蕎麥等健康全穀於主食中以提高預防保健效果。

關鍵字

蕎麥 ； 韃靼蕎麥 ； 芸香苷 ； 肌醇 ； 空腹血糖

並列摘要

Germinated brown rice (GBR) and buckwheat has been receiving much attention for its nutrition and health promoting potential. In this research, the content of rutin in different forms of processed products was analyzed. A STZ induced type II diabetes animal model was employed to investigate the effects of GBR and buckwheat intervention on blood sugar regulation. On rutin content analysis, Tartary buckwheat contains high amount of rutin that reaching 14,506.6 ppm, powdering did not reduce rutin content, but is reduced to 6,044.9 ppm in puffing Tartary buckwheat seeds. In contrast rutin content in common buckwheat is about 189.8 ppm. Seeds of common buckwheat are germinated for 0-3 days, the content of rutin was increased from 189.8 ppm to 711 ppm, inositol showed similar increasing trend during 1-3 days of germination from 167 to 465 ppm, while chiro-inositol only increased slightly. In animal experiment, intervention of GBR, GBR and buckwheat to replace 50% of AIN 76 animal diet for a month, all the whole grain treatments can ameliorate the STZ induced diabetes in Wistar rats. The fasting glucose and oral glucose tolerance test are all improved by GBR, GBR and buckwheat treatment, in which GBR and Tartary buckwheat or common buckwheat both showed better improving effects on blood sugar regulation. It is recommended that consumers should add adequate amount of healthy grains such as Tartary buckwheat or common buckwheat in their main dishes as means of prevention health care.

並列關鍵字

buckwheat ； Tartary buckwheat ； rutin ； inositol ； fasting glucose