播種期與氮肥施用對小麥台中選2號產量與品質之影響

本研究利用三種播種期（10月30日、11月15日、11月30日）與不同氮肥施用量（120、150、180 kg N．ha^(-1)）及分施處理（50％／50％／0％與40％／35％／25％），探討對小麥台中選2號產量與品質之影響。試驗結果顯示，小麥台中選2號產量隨氮肥施用量增加而上升，三種氮肥施用量下，產量表現最佳為11月15日播種且採180 kg N．ha^(-1)以40％／35％／25％分施之處理，11月30日播種之小麥，採180 kg N．ha^(-1)以50％／50％之分施處理次之。全麥麵粉粗蛋白質、白麵粉粗蛋白質、濕麵筋、乾麵筋含量及麵筋指數隨氮肥施用量增加而上升；相同播種期與氮肥施用量下，氮肥分施可顯著提升乾麵筋與濕麵筋含量，粗蛋白質含量亦有隨之增加之趨勢，但處理間無顯著差異。各處理降落係數皆高於300 s，顯示種子無穗上發芽情形。綜上可知，11月15日為台中選2號較適播種期，施用150、180 kg N．ha^(-1)與氮肥分施處理將有助於提升小麥產量與品質。

關鍵字

小麥；氮肥；產量；播種期

並列摘要

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of sowing timing (Oct. 30, Nov. 15, and Nov. 30), rate of nitrogen fertilizer (N120, N150, N180), and separate treatments (50%/50%/0% and 40%/35%/25%) on yield and quality of wheat variety "Taichung Sel. 2". Our results showed that yield of Taichung Sel. 2 was significantly increased in response to higher N fertilization. Under three N fertilizer treatments, the highest yield was observed when sown on Nov. 15 and 40%/35%/25% of N180 separate treatments, followed by 50%/50%/ of N180 separate treatments with sowing date Nov. 30. When increasing N fertilizer, whole grain flour and flour crude protein contain were increased. Under the same sowing timing and N fertilizer dosage, separate treatment tended to increase dry gluten and wet gluten contain significantly, but no difference in crude protein content was observed. The falling number of each treatment was above 300s which indicated that pre-harvest sprouting was not happened during the experimental period. Therefore, the most suitable sowing timing for Taichung Sel. 2 was Nov. 15. The application of N150 and N180 and the separate application of nitrogen fertilizers can improve the yield and quality of wheat.

並列關鍵字

wheat ； nitrogen ； yield ； sowing timing

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