菜豆育種成果及未來育種方向

The Achievement of Common Bean Breeding and Aspect in the Future

郭孚燿(Fu-Yao Kuo)

《臺中區農業改良場特刊》 88號 (2007/12) Pp. 17-35

摘要

豆類作物為全球重要糧食作物之一，其中以菜豆中之乾豆為主要之供應者。其營養價值極高，富含豐富的蛋白質，已開發國家畜牧業發達之前，是為蛋白質主要來源，現今更被戲稱為窮人的蛋白質。臺灣目前菜豆之栽培僅剩供蔬菜用之嫩莢栽培。而歐美及日本等已開發國家則兩者並重，因此相對的臺灣在菜豆之研究及育種上較之為少，但菜豆仍為國人重要之消費蔬菜。近年來國際上逐漸重視到菜豆之營養價值及對人體健康之供獻，因此在機能性食品及健康食品之應用研究上正蓬勃發展。而在全球暖化及環保議題上，被提倡做為主要蛋白質供應。臺灣往在菜豆育種上育成有抗銹病品種台中1號，為圓莢、莢色白、但莢長短。寬扁莢形無筋絲菜豆台中2號，莢寬2公分、長24公分、莢色綠、甜度高質脆。台中3號，圓莢形、長18－20公分、莢色綠、甜度高質柔軟。台中4號，半蔓性、圓莢長20公分、莢色濃綠、甜度高質柔軟。未來育種方向應朝大莢形方便採收為育種目標。

關鍵字

菜豆 ； 育種 ； 營養

並列摘要

The beans crop is one of the global important cereal crops; the kidney bean is regarded as the main supplier among them in the universe beans. Its nutritive is very high and include the abundant protein richly. Before animal husbandry was developed in the already developing country, it is a main source of protein and now it is called with poor man protein in jokily. The culture of kidney bean is only the surplus tender pod culture for vegetables at present in Taiwan, but in America, Europe and Japan regard as equally important in dry bean and fresh bean product. So in Taiwan we only have a few research and breeding study on common bean. But common bean is still as a very important consumption vegetable in Taiwan. We pay attention to nutritive value of the common bean and offering to health gradually in the world in recent years. So is growing vigorously on the application study of function food and healthy food. In the saturation on global warming and environmental protection, common beans are recommended supplying for the main protein.

並列關鍵字

Common Bean ； Breeding ； Nutrition