- 期刊
台灣執業環境對專科護理師工作滿意度的影響：全國性調查
The Impact of Practice Environment on Job Satisfaction of Nurse Practitioners in Taiwan: A National Survey
摘要
本研究之目的旨在探討台灣專科護理師（專師）機構執業環境對工作滿意度的影響，研究採系統性隨機取樣，以台灣專科護理師學會所有具專科護理師證照的活動會員為研究對象，由學會網站公告並經由網路填寫問卷，問卷包括專師基本人口學資料與執業資料表和專科護理師工作滿意度量表（Nurse Practitioner Primary Care Organizational Climate Questionnaire, NP-PCOCQ）。收案期間於2019年為期一個月，共有1,030人參與，其中930份為有效問卷。以SPSS統計軟體進行建檔管理及資料分析。資料分別以描述性統計、單因子變異數分析、多元回歸分析等進行處理。研究結果顯示專科護理師以女性為主（95%），平均年齡為41.17歲（SD = 5.39），近七成已婚，教育程度以大學為主（73.76%），其次為研究所（19.34%）。專科護理師平均工作年資為8.78年（SD = 3.91），證照屬性以內科系為主（46.62%），其次為外科系（42.71%）。專科護理師大部分有固定上班時間（55.5%），平均白班照顧病人數為13.27人（SD = 5.41）。專科護理師感受工作壓力高（M = 71.4, range = 0－100），23%的專師思考一年內轉換工作。而整體工作滿意度屬中等程度（M = 3.87, range = 1－6），84.4%的專科護理師對工作介於部分滿意或滿意之間，其中以工作挑戰性／工作自主性較為滿意。逐步多元回歸分析結果顯示在未來一年沒有計畫更換工作、工作壓力感受低、醫院鼓勵進修、主治醫師盡到監督責任、醫院促進專業自主、每日照護病人數低於13人能解釋專科護理師工作滿意度32%之變異量（R^2 = 0.32, p ＜ .001），而未來一年計畫更換工作的意向為最重要的影響專科護理師工作滿意度最大之因素。本研究結果提供聘任專師之醫療機構參考，建議針對專科護理師之執業環境與工作條件進行調整，以提升專科護理師之工作滿意度。
並列摘要
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of practice environmental variables on job satisfaction of Taiwan's nurse practitioners(NP). Systematic sampling was adopted in this study. Active members of the Taiwan Association of Nurse Practitioner(TANP) were notified by the website and filled out the research questionnaire. Questionnaires include demographic and practice information and the Nurse Practitioner Primary Care Organizational Climate Questionnaire(NP-PCOCQ). During March 1 to March 31 of 2019 there were 1,030 NPs completed the on-line questionnaire. Among them, 930 valid questionnaires were used for data analysis by SPSS., Descriptive statistics, analysis of variance and multiple regression analysis were used for data analysis. The results showed that 95% of NPs are female, with an average age of 41.17 years old, nearly 70% were married. The education level mainly was university (73.76%), followed by the graduate school (19.34%). The average working experience of NPs was 8.78 years (SD = 3.91), the top-two specialty of NP license were mainly internal medicine (46.62%), and surgery (42.71%). Majority of NPs worked in day shift (55.5%) and took care of 13.27 patients daily (SD = 5.41). However, NPs felt a high level of working stress (M = 71.4, range = 0-100) and 23% of them were considering leave current job. The overall job satisfaction was regarded as moderate level (M = 3.87, range = 1-6). Overall, 84.4% of NPs were satisfied with their job, particularly with dimension of challenge and professional autonomy. The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that NPs who will work for another year, working stress, hospital encourages continue education, the supervision of attending physicians, and NPs professional autonomy had influences on job satisfaction. All those variables explained 32% of variance in job satisfaction (R^2 = .32, p ＜ .001), and NPs' intention to leave the job within one year was the most important factor affecting the job satisfaction. The results of the study provided the vital information for medical institutions which hire nurse practitioners. Hospital administrators are strongly encouraged to upgrade the working conditions in order to promote job satisfaction of nurse practitioners.
參考文獻
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