台灣龍之舞蹈之發展

Development of Dragon Dance in Taiwan

楊東翰(Tung-Han Yang) ； 鄭勵君(Lih-Jiun Jeng) ； 林信佑(Hsin-Yu Lin) ； 孫正彥(Cheng-Yan Sun)

《兩岸運動訓練科學研討會論文集》 2012 (2013/01) Pp. 43-51

摘要

龍是中華民族的共同象徵，在中國人心目中是一種吉祥的靈獸，可以驅兇鎮邪。因此我們的祖在重要節慶迎神賽會時，都會用舞龍的方式來表達慶祝之意，當作宗教儀式的一部分。，在國內每逢喜慶節日，幾乎看的到舞龍的活動，而在國外僑胞聚守之處，因保有此種民俗活動，使的熱鬧的舞龍成為中外人士矚目的民俗文化項目之一。舞龍，不僅是我國民間傳統的民俗技藝，也是一種良好而有益身心的活動。隨著時代的變遷，舞龍的風俗也受到民俗團體的保存與發揚。本研究目的在探究：一、舞龍活動的源起與變遷；二、舞龍活動之現況；三、舞龍活動的各項本體內容；四、舞龍活動的推展策略。本研究將蒐集之相關文獻資料，加以分析、整理，結論內容如下：一、舞龍活動起源於古時祈雨習俗，並祈求龍的庇祐，後來轉變為娛樂性的民俗技藝。且集宗教性、生產性和娛樂性於一身，體現著強烈的民俗文化。二、舞龍的推展阻礙叢生，經費來源不足、教練師資問題等，皆為推展不易之原因。 三、民間舞龍種類繁多，台灣以布龍為主。此項活動可以分為道具製作及舞弄方法兩部分，道具包括龍珠、龍頭、軀幹及龍尾四部分；舞弄的招式主要由基本動作穿和跳延伸出各式陣法。 四、最後，關於舞龍活動的推廣建議如下：政府建立一套獎勵及補助措施，編輯舞龍活動相關參考教材，使各學校教師對於舞龍教學有更深入的了解，並發展課程計畫讓師資提升，透過師資及發展舞龍課程，讓舞龍表演技巧能繼續推動。並積極推展國際賽事的參與，使國內舞龍運動能和國際舞龍運動彼此交流，將舞龍運動提升為一國際化之民俗體育。

關鍵字

民俗體育 ； 民俗文化 ； 國際化

並列摘要

Dragon is the common identity of Chinese people and a animal that presents fortune and gets rids of evil. Hence, our ancestors during the important festivals and ceremonies used dragon dance to celebrate as a part of religious ritual. Nowadays, in Taiwan dragon dance activities are performed in every celebration and festival and outside of Taiwan, when oversea Chinese people gather together, they also celebrate all occasions with well-preserved dragon dance. Dragon dance thus becomes one of the most popular folk sport activities that not only demonstrate Taiwanese folk art but also presents a good activity beneficial to the health of human body and mind. Along with time evolution, dragon dance has been preserved and promoted by folk groups. The purposes of this study are to examine: 1. the origin and evolution of dragon dance activity; 2. Current status of dragon dance activity; 3. contents of dragon dance activity; and 4. Promotional strategies of dragon dance activity. This study collects relevant data from literature review and after analysis and compiling, the conclusions are described as bellow: 1. Dragon dance activity was originated from the rain dance custom and dancers prayed for the blessings by dragon and later, it was transformed into entertaining folk art with strong religious, production, and entertaining characteristics; 2. There have been difficulties for the promotion of dragon dance due to insufficient funding and teachers; 3. There are various types of dragon dance and in Taiwan, ＂Fabric Dragon＂ takes the lead; dragon dance activity consists of props making and dance performance and between which the former include four parts: dragon ball, dragon head, dragon body, and dragon tail and the latter includes basic and extensive dance moves; 4. Lastly, the suggestion to the promotion of dragon dance are as bellow: The government shall set up a set of incentive and supplementary measures to enable school teachers to have more in-depth understanding about dragon dance teaching and curriculum plans shall be conducted to develop teaching skills. Through the teacher and dragon dance development programs, the performing skills of dragon dance can be continuously improved. The active participation in international events shall also be encouraged to facilitate the exchanges and promote dragon dance sports as one of the internationalized folk sports.

並列關鍵字

folk sports ； folk culture ； internationalization