This study try to probe into the dynamic process of psychological growth and the resilience factors and its protective factors of excellent impoverished undergraduate in consistent with qualitative research paradigm. On the following "purposive sampling" principle, typical object A is selected as a research object. Text analysis with in-depth interviews of text materials, diary, blogs.We can see that psychological stage of development process of A can be divided into three main tasks: the preschool stage, adolescent and youth early phases. There are three main types of setbacks which A have: failed in the exam, poverty, disease. The resilience factors are optimism, positive cognition, the strong willpower, sweeten the bitterness of destiny on behavior; the resilience's protective factors are supports from family, school and other community.