心理傳記療法：理論與實踐

心理傳記學已有一百多年的研究歷史，在理論和案例研究方面已積累了較豐富的成果，但至今罕見應用領域的研究。作為一門初步形成的學科，探討其實踐或應用領域的問題，是該學科進一步發展的動力所在，也是學科發展的客觀要求。心理傳記療法是心理傳記學的研究成果在心理諮詢領域的應用和實踐。取名心理傳記療法只是一種基於習慣的稱謂。文章首先比較了心理傳記療法與敘事療法的區別與聯繫。其次，闡述了該療法的理論基礎、基本步驟與方法技術。最後，通過具體的諮詢案例來說明該療法的實施過程和效果評估。心理傳記療法的過程和目標，是通過瞭解來訪者完整的生命故事，尋找其原型場景，進而瞭解來訪者的心理問題，通過幫助來訪者不斷地自我敘說、傾聽和書寫自身的生命故事以及閱讀與自身類似的傑出人物或偶像人物的生命故事，將來訪者有障礙的生命故事轉化為一個新的好的生命故事。

關鍵字

心理傳記療法；生命故事；原型場景

並列摘要

The history of psychobiography research has spanned more than one hundred years and proved fruitful in terms of theories and case studies. However, the application of psychobiography is rarely studied. Psychobiographical therapy is the application and practice of psychobiography in the field of psychological counseling. First, this paper introduces the linkage and distinction between psychobiographical therapy and narrative therapy. Second, it illustrates the theoretical foundations, standard steps, and techniques of psychobiographical therapy. Finally, it demonstrates these implementation processes in specific cases and provides four methods evaluating effectiveness of the treatment (the good life story evaluation, thematic analysis, tone analysis and the lexical content analysis). The normal processes and objective of psychobiographical therapy: seeking prototypical scene through life story telling by clients, and psychobiographical counselor reaches a deep understanding of client’s problem. And with the help of counselor, client restructures his/her distorted life story into a positive one by continuous self-narrative, listening and writing of their own life stories, and reading the life stories of outstanding figures or idols who share some similarities with them.