Securing Water for Future Generations through Sustainable Urban Drainage Design and Management: Bio-ecological Drainage System (BIOECODS) - Malaysian Experiences

通過可持續城市排水系統的設計與管理來保障未來世代水資源：生物生態排水系統（BIOECODS）－馬來西亞的經驗

Chun Kiat Chang ； Nor Azazi Zakaria ； Aminuddin Ab Ghani ； Hui Weng Goh

《土木水利》 45卷6期 (2018/12) Pp. 41-52

https://doi.org/10.6653/MoCICHE.201812_45(6).0007

摘要

In recent years, water supply shortage has been severely felt in Malaysia, especially in ultra-urban cities. Despite conventionally a system to dispose unwanted excess water, urban drainage has gradually evolved into an infrastructure that would potentially play a pivotal role in securing water for the future generations. This article takes a look into the approximately 20-year old Bio-ecological Drainage System (BIOECODS) in the engineering campus of Universiti Sains Malaysia that has put forward the sustainable concept of urban drainage design. BIOECODS, completed in 2002, has become a national pilot and show piece project in promoting SUDS in Malaysia. BIOECODS attempts to solve three major problems commonly encountered in Malaysia namely flash floods, river pollution, and water scarcity. The concept, components and functions of BIOECODS which combine infiltration, delayed flow, storage and purification as pre-treatment of stormwater are presented herein. Performance of the system in the USM Engineering Campus is also briefly summarised. The BIOECODS is fully complied with the Urban Stormwater Management Manual for Malaysia (MSMA) requirements which focus on the control of both the quantity and quality of urban runoff. The success of the BIOECODS implementation proved that with innovation, MSMA can be successfully implemented without compromising on the overall project cost, aesthetic, and function. In fact, the system adds in more value-added services for stormwater management, public amenity, and overall aesthetic. In the last few years, BIOECODS has also been used for water reuse, demonstrating the huge potential of stormwater management in securing water resource for the future.

並列摘要

近年來，馬來西亞受到嚴重水資源短缺，特別是在超級城市地區。儘管大馬以往的排水系統設計傳統上將其視為廢水處理的一部分，但現今的城市排水系統已逐漸演變成一個不可或缺的重要基礎設施，可為子孫後代在獲取水資源方面發揮關鍵的作用。本文介紹了馬來西亞理科大學工程系分院大約20年曆史的生物生態排水系統（BIOECODS），系統為城市排水設計提出了可持續概念。生物生態排水系統於2002年完成，是馬來西亞可持續性排水系統的國家試點和展示項目。該系統試圖解決馬來西亞常見的三大問題，即水災，河流污染和水資源短缺。本文介紹了以滲透性、在源頭收集及減緩水流量三大特點的生物生態排水系統的概念，組成部分和功能。本文也簡要地總結了該系統在馬來西亞理科大學工程系分院的性能。生物生態排水系統完全符合馬來西亞城市雨水管理手冊（MSMA）的要求，也就是側重於控制城市城市雨水徑流的流量和質量。生物生態排水系統實施的成功證明，通過創新，馬來西亞城市雨水管理手冊可以在不影響整體建築成本，美學和功能的情況下成功實施。事實上，該系統為城市雨水管理，公共設施和整體美學增加了更多的增值服務。在過去幾年中，生物生態排水系統也被用於水資源的再利用，展示了城市雨水管理在確保未來水資源方面的巨大潛力。