以健康信念模式探討高中職學生食用保健食品之意願－以台南市為例

Study on Willingness of Health Foods Intaking In Senior and Vocational High School Students Using Health Belief Model - An Example of Tainan City

陳秀琪(Sheu-Chi Chen) ； 曾國書(Kuo-Shu Tseng)

《創思學刊》 35期 (2016/10) Pp. 53-89

摘要

本研究應用健康信念模式探討台南市高中職學生保健食品食用意願及其相關因素(包含背景因素、家人支持、重要他人評價重視度、威脅性認知、行為評價及行動線索等)並分析其差異情形。以結構式問卷針對台南市高中職學生進行抽樣，共發出問卷559份，回收問卷469份，有效回收率為83.9%，並以SPSS統計軟體進行分析。結果顯示，(一)超過九成的台南市高中職學生曾食用過保健食品，未來有意願食用保健食品者為66.1%。(二)高中職學生之「自覺罹患性認知」，女生高於男生；一、三年級皆高於二年級；低家庭社經地位者高於中家庭社經地位者，與身高有負相關。其「自覺嚴重性認知」則與身高有負相關。在「自覺行動利益」上，女生高於男生；中、低家庭社經地位者皆高於高家庭社經地位者；與身高有負相關。在「自覺行動障礙」上，女生高於男生。(三)保健食品未來食用意願部分，女生高於男生；有家人支持者高於無家人支持者；且與其身高有負相關；與健康信念及行動線索的關係部分，則與「自覺罹患性認知」、「自覺行動障礙」無顯著相關，但與「自覺嚴重性認知」、「自覺行動利益」、「行動線索」有正相關。(四)「自覺罹患性認知」、「自覺嚴重性認知」均與重要他人評價重視度有正相關。(五)經由邏輯斯迴歸分析發現，「家人支持」及「自覺行動利益」為高中職學生保健食品未來食用意願的顯著預測因子。

關鍵字

高中職學生 ； 保健食品 ； 健康信念模式 ； 家人支持

並列摘要

The aim of this study was to explore the influencing factors on student's willingness for health food usage in senior high and vocational schools in Tainan city. The questionnaire was applied as a research tool to carry out this study. A total of 559 questionnaires were sent out and 469 were valid. The effective response rate was 83.9% and SPSS 12.0 for windows was applied for statistic analysis. Results show that: (1) Over 90% of the students ate health food, and in the future there will be 66.1% of the students are willing to intake health food. (2) In ＂perceived susceptibility＂, females are higher than males; first grade and third grade are higher than second grade; students from low socioeconomic status family are higher than those from middle socioeconomic status family. Perceived susceptibility of students have a negative correlation with their height. In addition, perceived seriousness of students have a negative correlation with their height. As for perceived benefits of taking action, females are higher than males; students from low and middle socioeconomic status family are higher than those from high socioeconomic status family. Students with perceived benefits of taking action show negative correlation with height. In perceived barriers to taking actions, females are higher than males. (3) In the willingness of health foods intaking, females are higher than males; Students with family support are higher than those without family support. Their willingness has a negative correlation with height. As for the relationship between health concepts and cues to action, student's willingness does not correlate with perceived susceptibility and perceived barriers to taking action, but has a positive relationship with perceived seriousness, perceived benefits of taking action and cues to action. Students with perceived susceptibility and perceived seriousness have a positive correlation with degree of importance of significant others. (5) Via the logistic regression analysis, the two main predictive factors are the support of family and cues to action.

並列關鍵字

Senior hight and vocational school students ； health food ； health belief model ； support of family