《現觀莊嚴論》初探

A Preliminary Study On The Abhisamayalamkara

陳玉蛟(Yu-Jiou Chen)

《中華佛學學報》 2期 (1988/10) Pp. 136-182

https://doi.org/10.6986/CHBJ.198810.0136

摘要

《現觀莊嚴論》是一部對印、藏佛學影響非常深遠的大乘論典。本文擬對此論之「創作」、「釋名」、「作者」、「性質」、「內容」、「思想」、「相關註疏」，以及「此論對印藏佛學之影響」等數方面，作一綜觀性的初步探討，並提出下面幾點看法：一、《現觀論》是一部綱要性的《大品般若經》釋。將它與《瑜伽師地論．攝事分》比較，可以看出：《現觀論》確實具本母（matrika）的性質，它相當於擇攝《大品般若經》宗要的本母攝頌。《現觀論》之於《大品般若經》，猶如《攝事分》中「契經事」的本母攝頌之於《雜阿含》。二、《現觀論》以「諸法無自性」的中觀思想為主，兼採瑜伽觀行及其次第；它很可能是後期印度大乘佛學「瑜伽行中觀派」思想的濫觴。三、由於(1)《現觀論》的性質與《攝事分》中「契經事」的本母攝頌相似；(2)《現觀論》以中觀思想為主，兼採瑜伽觀行次第；(3)《現觀論》的某些內容與《大乘莊嚴經論》、《攝大乘論》、《大乘阿毘達磨集論》等瑜伽學派的根本論典十分接近；因此筆者主張：《現觀論》的作者是一位博通中觀與瑜伽學說的大思想家。至於他究竟是偏重瑜伽實踐的中觀學者，或是深受龍樹學說影響的瑜伽師，乃至於他是否托名彌勒，這就很難斷言了。

並列摘要

The Abhisamayalamkara is a Mahayana treatise which had far-reaching impact on Indo-Tibetan Buddhism. The present paper attempts at providing a preliminary conspectus discussing its composition, the meaning of its title, its author, nature, contents, thought, commentaries, and influence on Buddhism in India and Tibet. The author arrives at the following conclusions: 1. The Abhisamayalamkarais an outline commentary on the Large Sutra on Perfect Wisdom. A comparison with the Vastusamgraha of the Yogacaryabhumi reveals that it indeed possesses matrka characteristics and amounts to the matrka verses which summarize the essential meaning of the Large Sutra on Perfect Wisdon. Their relationship is like that between the matrkas of the Vastu-samgraha's Sutra-vastu and the Samyuktagama . 2. As to its thought, the Abhisamayalamkara mainly presents the Madhayamika concept of all dharmas being devoid of self-nature, but also incorporates the graduated practices of the Yogacara . With high probability, these are the beginnings of the ＂Yogacara Substantialist School of the Middle Way＂ of late Indian Mahayana Buddhism. 3. Since firstly, the Abhisamayalamkara characteristically resembles the matrkas of the Sutra-vastu, secondly, its main thought is Madhyamika , but the stages of practice are adopted from Yogacara , thirdly, some parts of the Abhisamayalamkara are very much akin to main Yogacara treatises like the Mahayanasutralamkara, Mahayanasamgraha , and Abhidharmasamuccaya, the present writer is of the opinion that the author of the Abhisamayalamkara was a great thinker with a comprehensive understanding of both Madhyamika and Yogacara teachings. It is, however, hard to decide upon whether he was a Madhayamika scholar with strong inclinations toward Yogacara practice or a Yoga master who was heavily influenced by Nagarjuna's teachings, or whether he really wrote under the prestigious name Maitreya.

參考文獻

Edward Conze(1987).The Prajñāpārmitā Literature.39-40.

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