親屬連結、社會規範與國境管理：中國福建省無證移民的研究

Kinship Networks, Social Rules, and Border Control: A Study of Fujianese Undocumented Immigrants

趙彥寧(Antonia Chao)

《台灣社會學》 13期 (2007/06) Pp. 129-171

https://doi.org/10.6676/TS.2007.13.129

摘要

奠基於2002-2007 年的田野調查研究資料，本文試圖探究形塑中國福建省人民無證出入境的歷史和社會機制。本文的發現為：一、1940 年代末的國共內戰建構了此地與台灣的原初性親屬關係網絡；二、1980 年代末肇興的無證入台行動多仰賴此社會網絡和人際規範的支援；三、因應於晚近中台兩地日趨嚴厲之打擊偷私渡的國境管理措施，無證移民必須訴諸新興途徑（尤以假結婚為然），故而創構了前所未有的人際規範；四、在全球化的狀況下，以國境管理為首要特權的國家主權已凌駕父系霸權，成為規範此刻跨國／族人士的首要力量。

關鍵字

福建省人民 ； 無證移民 ； 原初性親屬關係網絡 ； 社會規範 ； 國境管理

並列摘要

Based on ethnographic research from 2002 to 2007, this paper examines the historical and social mechanisms behind the border-crossing activities of Fujianese undocumented immigrants migrating into Taiwan. The thesis of this paper is fourfold. First, these immigrants' social linkages cross the Taiwan Strait, based primarily on kinship networks, were first established during the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949). Second, from the late 1980s to the early 2000s, Fujianese immigrants made their illicit entry into Taiwan possible mainly by resorting to the social rules inherent in these kinship linkages. Third, as a result of the increasingly stringent border-control policy exercised across the Taiwan Strait over the past decade, fraud marriage has become a primary means of border-crossing, thus resulting in a completely new way of understanding and practicing immigrants' social relationships in Taiwan. Lastly, in an era of globalization, the sovereign power of the nation state, as embodied chiefly in the functioning of border control, is now the primary force regulating the lives of nation/race boundary-crossers.

並列關鍵字

Fujianese ； undocumented immigrants ； kinship network ； social rules ； border control

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