國際借展之保險：談奧地利「國家保險」

Insurance Issues in International Museum Loans: Discussion of the Government Indemnity of Austria

周佳樺(Chia-Hua Chou)

《博物館學季刊》 23卷1期 (2009/01) Pp. 47-55

https://doi.org/10.6686/MuseQ.200901_23(1).0003

摘要

「國家保險」（Government／or State／or Federal Indemnity）是由一國政府出面作擔保賠償的一種保險制度。其與博物館為借展品所慣常投保的一般商業「藝術品保險」（Fine Arts Insurance）相較，兩者的保障條款及内容其實並無甚大差異。只是，當借展品遭受損害而牽涉賠償處理時，損害賠償責任在一般商業「藝術品保險」方面，是屬於行使商業行為的保險公司；在「國家保險」方面，其責任則屬於國家，由國家政府出面負起損害賠償之責。對於大多數國家而言，「國家保險」之訂立通常是為了協助該國之國家級、大型、有能力舉辦大規模國際展覽的博物館，向國外洽借展品時，能夠免除對昂貴的民間商業保險之依賴，而以本國「國家保險」作為借展品之保障。奧地利於2004年歷經國家博物館體制之變革後，重新修訂了該國「國家保險」的内容。本文藉由國立故宮博物院於2008年赴奧舉辦「物華天寶」特展一案，所獲自奧國之「國家保險」條文，對照比勘於歐盟2003年＜第2003-4897號研究案＞奧地利章節版本，以探究和分析二者是否有新、舊版本之別，並翻譯介紹最新版本之内容，供同業參考。

關鍵字

保險 ； 國家保險 ； 博物館國際借展 ； 奧地利

並列摘要

Government/State/Federal Indemnity is a type of insurance policy, with clauses similar to the protective clauses in fine arts insurance policies, but is rather unknown to most museums that are handling incoming or outgoing temporary exhibitions. Today, more countries are setting up Government/State /Federal Indemnity to provide national museums with an alternative to high-cost commerical insurance for exhibition loaned objects. In 2004, the national museums in Austria underwent a system revolution and restructuring of Federal Indemnity. Almost at the same time, an investigation on government indemnity systems of European countries by the European Commission was published (Study no. 2003-4897). The National Palace Museum in Taipei (NPM, Taipei) accepted the Austrian Federal Indemnity for an exhibition held in Austria in 2008. The author of this article, working at NPM, Taipei introduces the content of Austrian Federal Indemnity and, with it, analyzes the contents of Study no. 2003-4897 (chapter on Austria Indemnity). From that analysis, it can be concluded that Study no. 2003-4897 holds less relevance today than when it was originally published.

並列關鍵字

insurance ； government indemnity ； international museum loans ； Austria

參考文獻

Mahr, A.(2005).Lending to Austria: Indemnity, collections mobility policies, and the Austrian presidency 2006 of the European Union.Manchester Conference.(Manchester Conference).

Tarpey, S.(1998).Insurance, the New Museum Registration Methods.Washington D. C.:American Association of Museum.

周佳樺(2008)。國際借展之保險：談法國「國家保險」。博物館學季刊。22(2)，69-76。

周佳樺(2008)。國際借展之保險：談法國「國家保險」。博物館學季刊。22(2)，69-76。

Mahr, A.(2005).Lending to Austria: Indemnity, collections mobility policies, and the Austrian presidency 2006 of the European Union.Manchester Conference.(Manchester Conference).