虛擬實境在博物館展示的實踐與反思－以國立自然科學博物館特展為例

博物館的展示因應展示主題而有不同的運作模式與設計方式，更深受社會潮流、時代脈動，以及各式新穎技術、科技媒體等影響，尤其是近年來發展亮眼的最新科技－虛擬實境，突破許多傳統展示和舊媒體的限制，讓觀眾有機會從更多元的角度認識、體驗各式展示主題，促使展示設計方式在更大的可能性中呈現最佳效益。然而，新科技的運用是否也有其限制？和展示主題的搭配性如何？是否所有展示內容均適合運用這項最新科技？本文嘗試從自然史博物館展示方式的發展脈絡，與新科技虛擬實境的經典元素，以國立自然科學博物館的特展為例，由展示設計理念與虛擬實境運用的成果，分析虛擬實境在博物館展示運用的實務與省思。

關鍵字

博物館展示；生態造景；虛擬實境；沉浸式

並列摘要

Museums develop different models and design methods for exhibitions according to the subject matter and their field(s) of specialty. These are also influenced by social trends, changing times, novel techniques, technology and media. In recent years, the development of virtual reality (VR) has led to breakthroughs in conventional exhibition methods and media forms, enabling museum visitors to obtain knowledge from a diversity of perspectives and to experience various themes. This has resulted in more possibilities for exhibition design to achieve maximum effect. Nevertheless, are there limitations to the applications of new technologies to museum exhibitions? How can new technologies complement exhibition themes? Are all exhibitions equally suited to the use of new technologies? The aim of this study is to explore these questions based on exhibition development in a natural history museum setting and the use of VR. A special exhibition of the National Museum of Natural Science in Taichung, Taiwan served as an example. The results of the use of VR in exhibition design formed the basis of analysis of the practices of and reflections on the application of new technologies in a museum setting.