巴西蘑菇子實體多醣體萃取

為探討巴西蘑菇多醣體之萃取，首先分析巴西蘑菇成分和栽培方式對多醣體含量之影響，其次研究子實體型態、萃取時間和次數對多醣體含量之影響。新鮮巴西蘑菇菌傘水分和總有機氮含量高於菌柄，灰份含量則反是。新鮮巴西蘑菇灰份含量子實體介於6.98-8.68%、菌傘介於5.78-7.86%和菌柄介於8.18-9.50%。F樣品含量略低，而其他樣品差異不明顯。新鮮巴西蘑菇子實體總有機碳含量介於41.32-42.98%、菌傘介於40.21-42.34%和菌柄介於41.34-43.78%。總有機氮含量則分別介於5.38-5.62%、7.18-7.64%和3.25-4.06%。菌傘和菌柄水分、灰份和總有機碳含量在新鮮與乾燥的巴西蘑菇並沒有顯著差異，但在總有機氮含量菌傘的含量是菌柄的兩倍。菌傘與菌柄之鮮重比和乾重比相近，差異不顯著。子實體、菌傘和菌柄多醣體含量分別為3.08-3.38、0.61-0.82和3.88-3.99%，萃取時間增加多醣體含量下降。粉狀巴西蘑菇萃取效率比乾燥巴西蘑菇高，菌柄多醣體含量比菌傘高，雖然23℃冷房栽種可以提高子實體多醣體含量。若考量經濟效益，仍然以一般通風良好室外栽培為宜。

關鍵字

巴西蘑菇；子實體；菌傘；菌柄；多醣體含量；萃取方式

並列摘要

To investigate the effect of extraction methods on polysaccharide yield of Agaricus blazei Murrill, different extraction periods and times were used. Fresh gill had higher moisture and total organic nitrogen contents than those of stalk; while ash content was reverse. The moisture, ash and total organic carbon contents had not significant differences between gill and stalk; while total organic nitrogen content in gill was twice higher than that of stalk. The polysaccharide contents were 3.08-3.38, 0.61-0.82 and 3.88-3.99% in fruiting body, gill and stalk, respectively. The polysaccharide content decreased with the increasing of extraction period, powder material had higher extraction efficiency than that of solid material. Although constant temperature cool-room cultivation can improve the yield of polysaccharide, however, good ventilation outdoor cultivation may be a economic cultivation method.

並列關鍵字

Agaricus blazei Murrill ； fruiting body ； gill ； stalk ； polysaccharide content

國際替代計量

巴西蘑菇子實體多醣體萃取

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