现代中国的《起信》义诤与“比较经学”

Debates about the Awakening of Faith Sutra in Contemporary China from the Perspective of Comparative Scripture

刘成有(Liu Chengyou)

《比較經學》 3期 (2014/01) Pp. 143-168

摘要

《大乘起信论》对中国化佛教的形成与发展，具有重要的思想奠基性作用。但该论的作者与译者，教界内部一直存在不同的意见。到了20 世纪初期，这个问题还成了中日佛学界讨论的一个热点，甚至还波及到了儒佛之争，涉及到对中国传统文化和思维方式的“定性”。20 世纪上半期中国思想界的三大领袖级人物——熊十力、吕澂、印顺，围绕《大乘起信论》的思想核心及其历史影响，就引发了激烈的思想争辩。我们看到，他们三人虽然共同面对中国社会的现代转型，基于共同的现实关切，却采取了迥然不同的思想立场。立场决定了他们的研究内容和研究结论，但并没有影响他们理论成果的深度。这能否算是一个现代社会多元文化共存共荣的典型个案？对于我们目前倾心的经典阅读和经文辨读来说，这场《起信》义诤或许会有某种独特的启发价值。

關鍵字

大乘起信论 ； 熊十力 ； 吕澂 ； 印顺 ； 比较经学

並列摘要

The Awakening of Faith Sutra is foundational for the formation and development of Chinese Buddhism. But as for the identity of its author and translator there are still lots of debates. The beginning of 20th century saw a heated debate on this issue between Chinese and Japanese Buddhist scholars. The discussion influenced the relationship between Confucianism and Buddhism and even affected the methodology of traditional Chinese cultural thinking. There was passionate discussion concerning the core ideas and historical influence of the Awakening of Faith Sutra among the three leading scholars of 20th century China, XIONG Shili, LYU Cheng and Yinshun. Facing the modern transformation of Chinese society, the three Buddhist scholars chose different stands and thus developed different interpretations of the Sutra. Their interpretations were all profound, though they were very different from each other. This debate could be regarded as an exercise in comparative scripture within Chinese Buddhism. Studying the debate carefully provides unique stimulation for doing comparative scripture today.

並列關鍵字

The Awakening of Faith Sutra ； XIONG Shili ； LYU Cheng ； Yinshun ； Comparative Scripture