The concept of "One mind with two aspects", is the core thought of the Awakening of Faith Sutra, and is clearly related to Vijnaptimatra thought. There have been many interpretations of this relationship over the centuries by various scholars. This paper attempts to provide a new explanation on the basis of a comparison of the thought of Vijnaptimatra theory and that of the Awakening of Faith Sutra. It concludes that the thought of the two traditions are basically the same.