温度對螺旋粉蝨（Aleurodicus disperses Russell）發育、成蟲壽命、活動及產卵之影響

Effects of Temperature on the Development、Adult Longevity、Activity and Oviposition of the Spiralling Whitefly, Aleurodicus dispersus Russell (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae)

溫宏治(Hung-Chich Wen) ； 許洞慶(Tung-Ching Hsu) ； 陳秋男(Chiou-Nan Chen)

《中華昆蟲》 14卷2期 (1994/06) Pp. ii+163-172

https://doi.org/10.6660/TESFE.1994013

摘要

於10、15、18、20、22、25、28、30及32℃之定溫生長箱內以美人蕉(Canna indica)苗飼育螺旋粉蝨(Aleurodicus dispersus Russell)，觀察其發育情形，結果在10℃死亡率過高，由15至32℃時，其各蟲期之發育速率與溫度呈拋物線關係，但在15至25℃之間則呈直線關係，據此推算各蟲期之發育臨界低溫分別為卵4.6±0.4℃；第1齡若蟲8.8±0.4℃；第2齡若蟲8.2±0.3℃；第3～4齡若蟲(蛹)9.8±0.7℃；由卵至第4齡若蟲(蛹)7.8±0.3℃。完成卵至蛹之有效積溫為433日度(day-℃)。成蟲活動範圍為12.3～32.3℃，於8.6℃以下開始昏迷現象，至5.2℃時則完全靜止，溫度高於40.2℃則昏迷。成蟲於15℃～30℃之壽命隨溫度之上升而縮短，雌蟲由18.5±6.5天減至10.0±2.1天；雄蟲由17.5±5.7天減至8.0±2.1天。雌蟲平均產卵量為17.0±9.0粒至10.0±7.5粒，在25℃時產卵量最多為28.0±14.5粒。

關鍵字

螺旋粉蝨 ； 發育臨界低溫 ； 成蟲壽命 ； 活動 ； 產卵

並列摘要

The development of the immature stages of Aleurodicus dispersus was studied by rearing on Canna indica in growth chambers set at 10、15、18、20、22、25、28、30 and 32℃. A curvilinear relationship was obtained between temperature and developmental rate within the temperature range, and a linear regression was shown from 15 to 25℃. Based on this linear regression, the developmental threshold and accumulated temperature for the egg, 1st instar, 2nd instar and 3rd＋4th instar nymph were estimated to be 4.6±0.41, 8.8±0.43, 8.2±0.26, 9.8±0.69℃ and 170, 68, 89, 105 day-℃, respectively. A total of 433 day-℃ was required for completing the development from egg to pupal stage. Adults were active at 12.3 to 32.3℃. The heat and chill coma were 45.5 and 5.2℃, respectively. Adult life span shortened as temperature reared from 15℃ to 30℃ Mean fecundity ranged from 10.0±7.50 to 17.0±9.0 eggs with a maximum (28±14.5 eggs per female) at 25℃.

並列關鍵字

Spiralling whitefly ； threshold low temperature ； activity ； adult longevity ； egg-laying