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白線斑蚊之吸血、產卵與壽命
Bloodsucking, Oviposition and Longevity of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae)
摘要
白線斑蚊於羽化後第二日才開始有吸血活動，羽化後三、四及五日間有較高之吸血反應頻度，同日羽化之成蟲族群，對寄主之吸血反應時間，有個體間之差異。妊娠雌蚊喜在黑色之基質中產卵。於0～200 lux之範圍內，光度對雌蚊選擇產卵位置之偏好性影響不明顯，然而在50～1200 lux之光度範圍中，雌蚊則顯著偏好於較低光度處產卵。在對不同水質與不同大小容器之選擇上，雌蚊偏好同種幼蟲飼育水與直徑為20～30 cm之產卵容器。吸血後之雌蚊，於第一產卵日所產之卵最多，之後則逐日遞減。在平均每日所產之卵數中，有88%之卵是在光照期內產下，而雌蟲之每日產卵律動，以在15：00～18：00時段中之產卵數最多。糖水之供應可顯著增長成蟲之壽命，但延遲至羽化後30日始供給血餐，將明顯降低雌蚊之繁殖率。白線斑蚊之吸血活動主要發生於白天；調查期間於竹林中之取食活動高峰出現在11：00～14：00時段。在溫度、光度及相對濕度等環境因子中，以濕度之變化對雌蚊吸血活動之影響較大。
並列摘要
Bloodsucking activity of Aedes albopictus started on the second day after emergence and went to the highest frequency in the following 3 days. Female adults emerging within the same day varied individually in their starting time of blooddsucking response to host animals. Gravid females preferred black substrate for ovipositing. Females were unable to distinguish different oviposition sites when the light intensity was under 200 lux. However, females laid more eggs in sites of lower light intensity when the light intensity tested was between 50 and 1200 lux. For oviposition, females preferred the water in which larvae had been reared and the container with 20～30 cm diameter. Females with blood meal laid the most eggs on the first day of oviposition and then laid progressively fewer eggs in subsequent days. Of all eggs laid, on average 88% were laid during the photophase. In daily ovipositional rhythm, females laid the most eggs from 15：00 to 18：00 among eight time-intervals. Feeding sugar solution could lengthen adult longevity. Fecundity was lowered significantly if females were not provided with blood meal until the 30th day after emergence. The bloodsucking activity of Aedes albopictus occurred mainly in the daytime; its peak appeared in the time-interval of 11：00～14：00 in bamboos. The major environmental factor affecting this activity was relative humidity.