This paper empirically investigate the relation between population structure, environmental factors and tourism economyin Taiwan'ssix municipalities and Yilanduring 2016 to March 2018 by panel regression model. The results show that the population structure has a significant negative relationship with the travel economy. The social increase rate and the tourism economy also have a significant negative relationship. The implied population structure has an impact on the tourism economy. In addition, this study finds that environmental pollution has a significant negative relationship with the travel economy, indicating that environmental pollution will be the selection condition for passengers to choose tourism and sightseeing areas.