唐代揚州南通大江三渠道

Three Canals flowing southward from Yang Zhou to Yangtze River in the Tang Dynasty

嚴耕望(Ken-wang YEN)

《新亞學報》 17卷 (1994/08) Pp. 185-234+236

摘要

本文為隋唐通濟渠考之第五章。通濟渠北自洛陽漕渠經洛水黃河段、汴水段、淮水山陽瀆（古邗溝）段，至揚州。揚州南通大江，一般只知古邗溝南端一渠道；實則自揚州南通大江有中西東三渠道，古邗溝至揚子津、瓜洲入大江，乃其正南渠道，即中道，尚有西渠，西至白沙（今儀徵）入江，東渠東至海陵（今秦縣），又分數支入江，不限於正南揚子一渠也。渠道有三，故要分三節考論各渠之流程與交通情況，並及沿渠市鎮之盛衰。因為此文乃全書之一章，故文中往往提及前章内容，未加删改，以存其舊。又本文寫作期間，曾獲教育部專案研究費之補助，並此申謝。

並列摘要

In the Tang Dynasty, the southern section of Tong Ji canal (通濟渠), called San Yang Du (山陽瀆), i.e. Yu Gou (邗溝) in ancient times, connected Huai Shui (淮水) and Da Jang (大江). To the south of Yang Zhou (揚州) was Da Jang. It was only generally known that the southern section of San Yang Du flowed southward from Yang Zhou to one canal in Da Jang. In fact, there were three routes flowing eastward, southward and westward from Yang Zhou to Da Jang. The San Yang Du, being the southern route (the central route), flowed southward to Guazhou Wan (瓜州灣) of Yang Zi Jin (揚子津), then to Da Jang. The western route, called was also Ou Yang Dai (歐陽埭). First used in Eastern Jin Dyansty, it flowed in a southwestern direction to Bai Sha Zhen (白沙鎮), i.e. today's Yi Hui prefecture (儀徽縣), then to Da Jang. There was also the eastern route, called Jue Gou (掘溝), flowing eastward from the gulf head, passing through Hai Ling prefecture (海陵縣), i.e. today's Tai prefecture (泰州), to Ru Gao Zhen (如臯鎮), i.e. today's Ru Gao prefecture (如臯縣), then to Jue Gou Zhen (掘溝鎮), and lastly to the ocean. In Hai Ling and Ru Gao, there were water routes flowing southward towards Da Jang. These were said to be constructed by Yang Ti (煬帝), and are today known as the Yun Yan River (運鹽河). In conclusion, in the Tang Dynasty, there were three routes, namely, the central, eastern and northern canals, flowing southward from Yang Zhou to Da Jang. Therefore water communication was very well developed.