明代至清初淨明道教團的興衰

元代淨明道經過劉玉改革後，得到廣泛的流播。這種盛況在進入明代後沒有持續下去，淨明道出現一段沒有嗣教真人的乾旱期。在這段期間內，除了淨明道的宮觀靠著國家的補助和仕紳的集資捐贈，還能保有整修機會外，教團本身已經沒有繼續發展的跡象。只是，光靠國家和仕紳的捐助，並不能讓教團復興起來。在龍沙之讖盛行的萬曆時期，儘管有部分淨明道典籍的刊刻，但淨明道沒有應讖而起的真人現世。明末時代動盪，淨明道的祖庭殘破，道士星散，直到清初朱道朗建立青雲譜，集結全真道士共同結圜講學，才使得淨明道有重振的趨勢。本文試圖從逍遙山玉隆萬壽宮、南昌鐵柱宮以及青雲譜三處淨明道重要道觀的沿革，以及其中參與的道、俗眾人，觀察淨明道在明代中葉以迄清初的發展趨勢。同時，透過《太上靈寶淨明宗教錄》內容的分析，突顯南北兩宗內丹學如何進入淨明道的基本典籍，成為道士修習的重點。

關鍵字

淨明道；逍遙山萬壽宮；鐵柱宮；朱道朗；青雲譜；《太上靈寶淨明宗教錄》

並列摘要

After the reformation by Liu Yu in Yuan Dynasty, Jingming Daoism gained a good reputation and widely spread its influence. The development of Jingming Daoism fell into decay during Ming Dynasty when no master Daoist was in charge of the Jingming community. Except that Jingming temples have been donated and repaired by local government and literati, the disintegrated Jingming community could not regain its strength during this period. In Wangli period, the time when the Longsha Prophecy foretold that eight hundred immortals were coming to save the world from suffering, classics of Jingming Daoism were being composed and published to satisfy the public interest; however, no one came to fulfill the prophecy and the belief of Jingming Daoism was condemned as superstitious. It exhibited the fact that Jingming Daoism could not been revived until a stronger core group appeared. When Zhu Daolang built Qingyunpu, in which Quanzhen Daoists gathered and cultivated the internal alchemy with Jingming Daoists, Jingming Daoism soon rebuilt its core and attracted many followers responding to their religious vocation. Through an observation of Yulong Longevity Palace, Iron Column Palace and Qingyunpu and through an analysis of Taishang lingbao jingming zongjiao lu (Records of Pure and Bright Sect of the Most High, in the Lingbao Tradition), this paper aims to show the development of Jingming Daoism from Ming to early Qing dynasty and the praxis of Jingming Daoists, especially the cultivation of internal alchemy.