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在家國社會與作家個人之外:廢名小說集《桃園》、《棗》人物主體性之浮顯

A Discourse on Characters' Subjectivity Emerging in Fei Ming's Peach Garden and Date

摘要


本文以「個體」為論述焦點進入廢名1927-1930年間的兩部小說集《桃園》、《棗》,析論廢名消弭家國社會的政治意識形態,以及自己作為作家的「個人主義」,進而關懷小說中的人物個體,並賦予其主體性之「客觀」書寫。文章首先在「感時憂國」的脈絡下審視廢名回應三一八慘案之小說,以廢名對孤獨的先覺者個體的同情與理解展開論述其對知識分子個體的關注。文章然後進一步由廢名書寫知識分子日常生活之小說,探討廢名對知識分子個體思考之轉變,即由前期作為社會的知識分子之同情、理解轉向了對身為普通人的知識分子在日常生活中的糾葛、齟齬之反思。文章最後由廢名「客觀」之文學觀帶入其鄉土書寫,在兩重視角的鄉土──純美與破敗之中呈現相對「客觀」之鄉土,並使用敘事學與小說修辭學理論探討廢名所採取的主動退後、與人物保持一定距離的寫作方式,使得人物作為獨立「個體」得以浮現,亦由此具備了「主體性」。

關鍵字

廢名 《桃園》 《棗》 個體 主體性

並列摘要


In this paper, the word "individual" is used as the basis for a discussion of Fei Ming's two books, Peach Garden and Date, which were written between 1927 and 1930. Firstly, the paper analyzes short stories that reflect March 18th Massacre that occurred in Beijing from the perspective of "obsession with China". Fei Ming's sympathy and understanding for intellectuals is presented as the origin of his concern for individuals. Secondly, the paper discusses how Fei Ming's concern for intellectuals transformed, his focus shifting from intellectuality as social identity to intellectuality as a personal identity. This discussion centers upon short stories that describe intellectuals' daily lives. Finally, the "objective literary concept" will be used to discuss how characters in Fei Ming's writings about his homeland attain subjectivity and develop into independent individuals.

並列關鍵字

Fei Ming Peach Garden Date subjectivity individual

參考文獻


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