遺民二代的認同與記憶：以楊賓遠游寧古塔為考察中心

Self-identification and Memories of a Loyalist's Son: A study of Yang Bin's Journey to Ningguta

蔡珮吟(Tsai Pei-yin)

《中國文學研究》 55期 (2023/02) Pp. 169-213

https://doi.org/10.29419/SICL.202302_(55).0005

摘要

明末清初的遺民楊越因政治案放逐寧古塔，而其子楊賓在易代之際如何觀看楊越的遺民身份，又以何視角回望前朝。從楊賓對於寧古塔的相關書寫我們發現，其探親之途的險峻讓楊賓得以踏足楊越當年流放遷徙之跡，沿路的歷史遺跡則召喚楊賓的思明情懷，遭受時間挑戰的二代情懷由此展露。此外，楊賓藉由詩作及傳、記重構楊越的相關記憶，其中可見楊賓藉此建構父親遺民身份，同時展現仕清者叔父的照護與影響，體現遺民二代多元特殊的認同來源。

關鍵字

寧古塔 ； 楊賓 ； 楊越 ； 遺民二代

並列摘要

This study investigates the writings of Yang Bin (楊賓, 1650-1720), Ming loyalist Yang Yue's (楊越 , 1622-1691) son, and focuses on his self-identification a "son of loyalists" during the early Qing dynasty. I will highlight how Yang Bin was influenced by his father, and how Ming loyalists living during the Qing dynasty saw the previous dynasty. I will focus on Yang Bin's poems and prose, which depict a long journey from China's central plains to its northeast. These writings shows not only that Yang Bin embarked upon this road in order to visit his parents in Ningguta (寧古塔), but also that the path he took was similar to the one his father traveled along when went into exile years earlier. In those writings, ancient relics on the road revive memories of the fallen former dynasty, reflecting nostalgia for the past dynasty and showing proximity between Yang Bin's inner world and those of his father, a surviving Ming loyalist. Additionally, Yang Bin constructed the memories of his father, Yang Yue, through poems, biographies, and prose; these literary works convey an image of his father as a Ming loyalist. Moreover, Yang Bin's uncle, who held office in the Qing court, provided care and exercised influences on his nephew's identification. All in all, I argue that Yang Bin sought self-identification, while being influenced by both his father and his uncle.

並列關鍵字

Ningguta ； Yang Bin ； Yang Yue ； loyalist

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