廉政必須「政」「刑」「德」「禮」並重

Corruption Prevention must Takes Politics, Punishment, Morality, and Rites

顧尚智

《海軍學術雙月刊》 48卷1期 (2014/02) Pp. 36-43

https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.201402_48(1).0003

摘要

一、現代國家政府公務人員包含文職與武職，是組織中最基礎的元素，故軍人亦有公務人員的身分。廉潔自持、誠信公正，成為軍人重要特質。二、《禮記》(學記篇)：「建國君民，教學為先...」；孔丘《論語》(為政第二)：「道之以政，齊之以刑，民免而無恥；道之以德，齊之以禮，有恥且格」。故為官：唯公則生明、唯廉則生威；但「公正」與「廉潔」絕對不是單以法律能夠規範的。三、「將者，仁、智、信、勇、嚴也」，為將之道要先治心，然品德教育必須要長期培養，故國軍幹部教育應從「心」做起；強化「自省」、「自律」、「自尊」、「自重」的導向，並樹立典範。

關鍵字

廉政 ； 廉正 ； 道德教育

並列摘要

1. A modern state's government functionaries are comprised of civil official and military staff. This is the most basic element of modern governmental organization. Therefore, a military person also carries the status of government functionary and is subject to the essential requirement of integrity, sincerity, and justice. 2. Chapter 'Hsueh Chi' (學記, on teaching) of Li Chi: Book of Rites says, ＂When The kings establishing states and governing the people, made instruction and schools a primary object...＂ According to Chapter 'Weizheng' (為政, political ethics) of Analects of Confucius: ＂If the people be led by laws, and uniformity sought to be given them by punishment, they will try to avoid the punishment, but have no sense of shame; If they be led by virtue, and uniformity sought to be given them by the rules of propriety, they will have sense of shame, and moreover will become good.＂ Therefore, for a public servant, justice begets brightness and integrity begets awe. Yet, justice and integrity can by no means be regulated by law alone. 3. Preliminary Calculations (始計) of Sun Tzu's the Art of War ＂The generalship may be the character of one who leading the military forces or troop with intelligence, trustworthiness, benevolence, courage, and sternness.＂ Cultivation of the integrity of character takes the highest priority for generalship. Yet, it takes time to accomplish moral education. Consequently, integrity of character takes prime concern in education of military officers; qualities of self-inspection, self-discipline, self-esteem, and self-respect should be strengthened and moral model should be established and praised.

並列關鍵字

corruption prevention(廉政) ； honesty and upright(廉正) ； moral education(道德教育)