中共強化軍人地位與權益之研析－兼論對退伍軍人的保障

Research of the CCP's Enhancement on the Status and Rights of Servicemen, Also on the Support of Veterans

謝游麟

《海軍學術雙月刊》 57卷2期 (2023/04) Pp. 23-37

https://doi.org/10.6237/NPJ.202304_57(2).0002

摘要

一、中共為貫徹習近平在「十九大」的強軍要求、激勵現役軍人忠實履行職責、增強軍人職業的吸引力，以及安撫數量龐大的退役軍人，近年來更從制度面、法制面、組織面、社會面強化軍人地位、保障軍人（含退役軍人）權益。二、為強化軍人地位，中共提出要讓軍人成為全社會尊崇的職業、軍人依法優先及推動軍人榮譽體系建設；而為保障軍人權益則制定《軍人地位和權益保障法》，從國家立法層面構建軍人權益保障體系。三、中共保障退役軍人權益之作為，包括成立「退役軍人事務部」，加強退役軍人服務保障體系建設；頒布《退役軍人保障法》提供保障之法律依循；從組織管理、政策制度、工作運行三大體系，增進退役軍人事務治理效能。四、中共在國防與軍隊改革之際，亦積極強化其軍人之地位與權益；對比我國，應可在結合國情、軍情下，借鑑可行的政策與作為，進而讓現役軍人能長期穩定服役、退役軍人亦無「後顧之憂」，俾在社會上獲得應有的尊重與榮譽。

關鍵字

軍人地位和權益保障法 ； 退役軍人保障法 ； 退役軍人

並列摘要

1.In order to implement Xi Jinping's requirements of strong military at the 19th National Congress of Chinese Communist Party (CCP), encourage servicemen to perform their duties faithfully, strengthen the attractiveness of military careers, and appease the large number of veterans, the CCP has made great efforts to enhance the status and rights of servicemen and veterans from system, law, organization, and society in recent years. 2.To strengthen the status of servicemen, the CCP proposes to make servicemen into an honorable profession by the whole society, to give priority to servicemen in accordance with law, and to promote the construction of a servicemen's honor system. To support the rights and interests of servicemen, the CCP enacts the "Law of Protection of the Status, Rights and Interests of Military Personnel" to construct a servicemen's rights and interests support system from the national legislative level. 3. The CCP's actions to support the rights and interests of veterans: the establishment of the Department of Veterans Affairs to strengthen the service system for veterans; the enactment of the "Law of Veterans Support" to provide support's follow; to enhance the governance of veterans affairs by the systems of organizational management, policy, and work operations. 4. The CCP is reforming its national defense and army, it also actively enhances the status and rights of its servicemen. Our country may learn beneficial policies and actions from CCP's enhancements under considering national and military conditions. The purposes of learning may encourage the servicemen to serve stably for a long time, veterans don't worry about their future, and gain respect and honor in the society.

並列關鍵字

Law of Protection of the Status ； Rights and Interests of Military Personnel ； Law of Veterans Support ； veteran