In the present revision of bothid fishes from Taiwan, thirty seven species belonging to two subfamilies, fifteen genera, in which two unknown species and ten new records are included and recognized, namely, Tephrinectes sinensis, Pseudorhombus dupliciocellatus, P. oligodon, P. pentophthalmus, P. arsius, P. elevatus, P. quinquocellatus, P. cinnamomeus, P. levisquamis, P. neglectus, Tarphops oligolepls, Parabothus chlorospilus, Parabothus sp., Grammatobothus krempfi, Crossorhombus kanekonis, C. kobensis, Crossorhombus sp., Engyprosopon grandisquama, E. multisquama, E. macroptera, Bothus myriaster, B. muncus, B. pantherinus, Psettina iijimae, P. gigantea, P. tosana, Arnoglossus tenuis, A. polyspilus, A tapeinosoma, A. japonicus, Japonolaeops dentatus, Laeops kitaharae, L. tungkongensis, L. parviceps, Neolaeops microphthalmus, Kamoharaia megastoma, and Chascanopsetta lugubris, A key to genera and species, diagnosis, remarks and figures of each species are presented.