Ps.23 is one of the best lyric poetries in The Hebrew Bible. From the perspective of the Hebrew culture, and basing on the relationship between the words and images, the author analyzes multi-level features of the work, such as the usage of words, poetic syntax, and aesthetic structure. On this basis, by discussing the relationship between the metaphor and symbol of the poem, the author thinks in the Hebrew historical and cultural context Ps.23, which expresses personal experience and belief in a specific historical period, projects the national consciousness and spirit of the ancient Israelis, and becomes a declaration of a nation on the belief.