重新發現白話文學：研究歷程與新視野

Rediscovering Vernacular Literature: History and New Perspectives

何谷理(Robert E. Hegel) ； 魏紅岩

《中國文學學報》 10期 (2019/12) Pp. 1-21

摘要

系統研究現代以前的中國小說，始於一個世紀稍前。在清帝國的最後幾年裡，傳統文人的會心偶評被魯迅、胡適的歷史考察與集中研究所取代。二人的工作之所以成為可能，部分得益於日本學者對稀有版本上的開創性研究。鄭振鐸、孫楷第等第二代學者通過編纂現存作品的基本書目，進而開拓了這一領域。再到20世紀50年代，歐洲學者開始在此一領域中對單個文本及更廣闊歷史發展的研究做出重要的貢獻。20－21世紀之交見證了中國小說作為國際學術領域的興起。中文研究以外，歐洲及亞洲語言的研究也都包括其中。近幾十年來，一些學者已使明清小說成為跨學科研究的中心，更加清晰地揭示了中國前現代小說傳統的真正意義。本文先概觀該領域的主要學術成果，其後從不同的學科視角對《西遊補》加以評析。

關鍵字

白話文學 ； 研究史 ； 新視野 ； 《西遊補》

並列摘要

The systematic academic study of premodern Chinese fiction began only slightly more than a century ago. Beginning with the last years of the Qing Empire, the random observations of traditional literati were replaced by the historical surveys and focused studies of Lu Xun and Hu Shi. Their work was made possible in part by pioneering research on rare editions by Japanese scholars. Zheng Zhenduo, Sun Kaidi, and others of a second generation opened the field by producing basic bibliographies of extant works. By the 1950s, European scholars began to make significant contributions to both studies of individual texts and of broader historical developments in this field. The turn of the twenty-first century witnessed the emergence of Chinese fiction studies as an international academic field, involving scholars writing in European and Asian languages in addition to those writing in Chinese. In recent decades some have made Ming-Qing fiction the centre of multidisciplinary research, which reveals ever more clearly the true significance of the fiction tradition in premodern China. This essay surveys major scholarly achievements in this field and concludes with comments on the novel Xiyou bu from the perspectives of several disciplinary vantage points.

並列關鍵字

vernacular literature ； history of research ； new perspectives ； Xiyou bu

參考文獻

James Cahill, Pictures for Use and Pleasure: Vernacular Painting in High Qing China (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010).

Shih-shan Susan Huang, “Media Transfer and Modular Construction: The Printing of Lotus Sutra Frontispieces in Song China,” Ars Orientalis 41 (2011): 135–64.

拙作〈閱讀明代章回小說的「俗」插圖」〉，《復旦文史講堂之八》（上海：復旦大學出版社，即將於2019年出版）

孟久麗（Julia Murray）寫得最多的是文本與圖像互動，可參氏著：Mirror of Morality: Chinese Narrative Illustration and Confucian Ideology (Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2007)

何前譯：《道德鏡鑒，中國敘述性圖畫與儒家意識形態》，北京：三聯書店，2014年