從《寶綸堂集》和《水滸葉子》說到周氏兄弟的「紅學」

本論文仍秉持《紅樓夢》實為隱書的一貫看法。首先論證了陳洪綬《水滸葉子》九紋龍史進的贊語，當與《東林點將錄》所指的韓爌於審理璫黨逆案一事之表現同讀。因張岱〈水滸葉子緣起〉有「遂使宋江兄弟，復覩漢官威儀」之語，可知《水滸葉子》行世，已在南明既亡之後。《紅樓夢》第三回王夫人以「混世魔王」比賈寶玉，實隱《東林點將錄》所指的熊明遇，「熊」音同「紅」，即所以喻朱明也。魯迅於〈阿Q正傳〉巧妙地用了《紅樓夢》「金陵十二釵正冊」的迎春判詞，揭露「孫中山」實為民國元年暗殺光復會領袖陶成章的幕後主謀。其後作〈兔和貓〉，題目即本之陳洪綬《寶綸堂集》所載之〈書白兔花貓〉，小說中提到金古良的《無雙譜》，金氏板畫則師法陳洪綬《水滸葉子》也。《東林點將錄》見之文秉《先撥志始》，文秉自序以為明室之亡，起於士大夫之謟事魏璫，賈寶玉鄙視讀書求功名的人，稱之為「祿蠹」，命意或與此序相同。魯迅小說隱藏《紅樓夢》與陳洪綬之關係，周作人〈苦茶庵打油詩〉已發其覆矣。

關鍵字

書白兔花貓；大智度論；水滸葉子緣起；復覩漢官威儀；石匱書；先撥志始；東林點將錄；混世魔王

並列摘要

This paper continues to take Hongloumeng as an obscure Daoist text. It first argues that the tribute words for Shi Jin, nicknamed ＂Nine-Tattoo Dragon,＂ in Chen Hongshou's Shuihu yezi should be read together with Han Kuang's behaviour in his prosecution of the Wei Zhongxian clique in Donglin dianjiang lu. The publication of Shuihu yezi should have come after the fall of the Southern Ming, as evidence from its mention in Zhang Dai's ＂Shuihu yezi yuanqi.＂ When Madam Wang compared Jia Baoyu to the Demon King of Chaos in Honglongmeng (Chapter 3), it was actually hinting at Xiong Mingyu in Donglin dianjiang lu, as the characters 熊 and 紅 are homophones in some way, thus referring to the Ming dynasty. Lu Xun, in his ＂A Q zhengzhuan＂ (True story of Ah Q), ingeniously borrowed the verse on Yingchun from the ＂Twelve Beauties of Jinling, Main Register＂ (in Hongloumeng) to reveal ＂Sun Zhongshan＂ (i.e., Sun Yat-sen) as the mastermind behind the assassination of Tao Chengzhang, leader of the Restoration Society (Guangfuhui), in 1912. A subsequent story of Lu Xun's, ＂Tu he mao＂ (Some rabbits and a cat), has a title that is based on Chen Hongshou's ＂Shu baotu huamao＂ collected in Baoluntang ji. The story mentions Jin Guliang's Wu shuang pu and Jin's woodcut prints follow the style of Chen's Shuihu yezi. Donglin dianjiang lu is referred to in Wen Bing's Xianbo zhishi, whose preface laid the blame for the fall of the Ming squarely on the scholar-officials' servility towards Wei Zhongxian. Jia Baoyu's contempt of the status-chasing scholars might have come from the same vein. The hidden links to Hongloumeng and Chen Hongshou in Lu Xun's stories have been suggested in Zhou Zuoren's ＂Kucha'an dayoushi＂ (Limericks from the Bitter Tea Studio).