In recent years, with the development of the country, the development and investment of education, China's undergraduate colleges have also made great progress, but with China's in-depth promotion of "double first-class" construction and the promotion of China's higher education's international competitiveness. In the process, some problems have become increasingly prominent. College teaching is the lifeline of higher education and the basis for cultivating college talents. Therefore, the development of colleges and universities has repeatedly become the focus of attention. This paper summarizes and analyzes several key problems existing in Chinese universities in the new era, thus reducing the occurrence of these problems and promoting the scientific development and long-term development of colleges and universities.