日本华语学习者的声调分析

The Analysis of Japanese students in Learning Mandarin Tones

吴圣年(Sheng-lien Wu)

《The 2nd China-ASEAN International Conference 2020 & The 2nd International Conference on Tourism, Business, & Social Sciences 2020:Insight to China and ASEAN's Wellness, Tourism, & Innovation》 2020 (2020/04) Pp. 672-683

https://doi.org/10.6947/caicictbs.202004.0062

摘要

本文讨论日籍学生在学习华语声调的问题与困难。研究的方法使用教师听辨方法与口语测验法。本研究使用Praat语音软件研究语料的音高。藉由声调的偏误，探讨偏误发生的原因在于学习者的母语负迁引影响，日语与华语其声调相对音高的不同，使学生不容易掌握发声要领。为帮助学生达到更大学习效果，声调教学方法尤其重要，文中讨论传统教学方法（主要是以老师为主轴的教学方法）和以学生为中心的张箴教授肢体学习法Somatically Enhanced Approach（S.E.A）声调教学方法的好处，Zhang（2006）肢体教学法以身体为中心，教学之中采用哼声、拍手、节奏等步骤，增强日籍学习者对华语发音的节奏感知，分辨4个声调，并能使学生更掌握声调的诀窍，因而更有动力学习。

關鍵字

日本学生 ； 负迁移 ； 声调偏误 ； 声调教学法

並列摘要

This article discusses the problems and difficulties of Japanese students in learning Mandarin tones. Research methods used are teacher's listening discrimination method and speaking test method. Use Praat to analyze pitch. In terms of tonal errors, the reason for the errors is discussed. The differences in the phonetic systems between Japanese and Chinese make it difficult for students to master the essential characteristics of the Chinese tonal system. Therefore, the importance of tonal teaching methods is paramount. So far most teaching methods are. teacher-centered and the student-centered method of Professor Zhang Zhen's somatically enhanced approach (SEA) has proven to be beneficial to the teaching of tones. Zhang (2006) research suggested a teaching method is which is body-centered. The steps of humming, clapping, rhythm, etc., enhance Japanese learners' perception of the rhythm of Chinese pronunciation, distinguish the 4 tones.

並列關鍵字

Japanese mandarin learners ； negative transformation ； tonal errors ； tonal teaching approaches