「襲改」內涵及其創作教學示例

The Connotation of ＂Xi Gai＂ and the Examples of Its Creating Teaching

魏聰祺(Wei, Tsung-Chi)

《語文教育學報》 2期 (2016/12) Pp. 39-59

摘要

「襲改」是董季棠在《修辭析論》中所提出的一種修辭格，它是一種新瓶裝舊酒的修辭方法。本文先提出幾點個人見解：一、襲改的定義為：「說話行文時，故意套襲前人作品的內容，略加改易，用另一種形式表現，這種新瓶裝舊酒的修辭方法，叫做「襲改』。」；二、襲改的源起為「史傳述贊」、「碑詳銘約」和「傳實碑虛」；三、襲改的分類：依文體分，可分古文襲改、詩歌襲改、白話文襲改；依有無點明出處分，可分明襲和暗襲；依範圍大小分，可分語句襲改和篇章襲改；四、襲改之辨析，有別於舊瓶裝新酒的仿擬。然後再選取其中將散文襲改為詩歌這種類型作為教學範例，由筆者先行指導學生應注意重點：（一）選取本體及襲改體；（二）押韻要求，韻腳以注音符號同韻母之字即可，可四聲通押；（三）內容情節相似，文字可略加改易。接著由筆者創作三例，以供學生觀摩；然後學生自行創作，再將學生成果呈現。學生若有興趣，可以將許多兒童讀物襲改為押韻詩歌，成為兒童另類的課外讀物。

關鍵字

襲改 ； 仿擬 ； 新瓶裝舊酒 ； 舊瓶裝新酒

並列摘要

＂Xigai＂ rhetorical figure was created by Dong Ji-Tang in Xiu ci xi lun. It is a rhetorical device of old wine in a new bottle. I would put forward some personal opinions in this paper. First, The definition of xigai is ＂When speaking or writing, deliberately apply the content of previous person's work, slightly change it, and then present it as a new form.＂ Second, the origin of xigai is ＂the comments of history or biography＂ and ＂stele and epitaph texts＂. Third, the classification of xigai: According to literary forms, there are ancient writing xigai, poetry xigai and vernacular xigai; according to giving clear source or not, there are clear xigai and unclear xigai; according to character count, there are sentence xigai and section or chapter xigai. Forth, the differentiation and analysis of xigai is different from simulation of new wine in an old bottle. Then, choose turning prose xigai into poetry type as a teaching example. The author guide the students to notice the key points: First, choose a literary form and xigai form. Second, the rhyming requirements are using the same vowels of Chinese phonetic symbols and all tones of Chinese phonetic symbols are accepted. Third, the characters can be revised somewhat if the content and the plot are similar. After that, the author will create three examples for the students to learn and then let them create the work. Afterwards, represent the learners' works. If students are interested in this, they can practice xigai to turn children's books into rhyming poetries. Those will become alternative extracurricular reading material.

並列關鍵字

xigai ； simulation ； old wine in a new bottle ； new wine in an old bottle