畜試黑豬一號母豬與配不同品種公豬之繁殖及其後裔性能

試驗採用2-3產次畜試黑豬一號母豬36頭，逢機與畜試黑豬一號（TLRI black pig No.1, E）、盤克夏（Berkshire, B）或漢布夏（Hampshire, H）公豬配種，每處理12頭母豬以測定其繁殖性狀。不同配種組合之後裔逢機各選取32頭，在體重50-115 kg期間測定生長性能，結束時量測體型性狀，並逢機擇半測定屠體性狀。結果顯示，畜試黑豬一號母豬與配畜試黑豬一號公豬（EE），以及畜試黑豬一號母豬與配盤克夏公豬（EB）兩組，其後裔全身黑毛率均達100%，而畜試黑豬一號母豬與配漢布夏公豬（EH）其後裔全身黑毛率則僅1.54%。EH組後裔的出生、3週齡及8週齡體重均顯著地（P＜0.05）較EB組和EE組為重。EB組後裔在試驗開始及結束時背脂厚度均顯著較EH組厚，試驗期間的背脂增厚量也較EH組大（P＜0.05），EE組則在試驗結束時背脂厚度顯著較EH組厚。EE組則在試驗結束時背脂厚度顯著較EH組厚。EE組的飼料換肉率（FCR）顯著較EB組佳，日增重也有較EB組為大之趨勢，隻日攝食量（ADFI）則較EB組少（P＜0.05）。使用盤克夏及漢布夏公豬與配畜試黑豬一號母豬，除EB組體長較EE組為長（P＜0.05）外，對增大後裔體型並無助益。EB組屠體背脂、腹脂厚度和屠體脂肪率均顯著地（P＜0.05）較EH組及EE組厚及高。雖然EH組後裔的瘦肉率及腰眼面積均較EB組及E為高（P＜0.05），惟黑毛率甚低，恐無法應用於商業化黑毛豬生產。

關鍵字

畜試黑豬一號；盤克夏；漢布夏

並列摘要

In Taiwan, consumers prefer domestic black pig for its flavor and taste. The Taiwan Livestock Research Institute has successfully bred TLRI black pig No.1 (E) by crossing local Taoyaun pig and Duroc pig for this purpose. In this study, a total of 36 multiparous TLRI black pig No.1 E sows (2-3 parities) were randomly allocated to three groups. Each group of sows were artificially inseminated with the semens from three breeds, i.e. Berkshire (B), Hampshire (H) and E boars, respectively. The reproductive performance of bred sows investigated. The offsprings from sows with different breed combinations (EB, EH and EE) were examined. The growth performance, body conformation and carcass characteristics of body weight (BW) 50-115 kg were measured when experiment was terminated. The results indicated that both EE and EB groups had 100% black hair, but EH group had only 1.54% black hair. The piglets from EH group had larger (P ＜ 0.05) BW at birth, 3-week and 8-week of age than EB and EE groups. The backfat thickness of EB group, were significantly thicker P ＜ 0.05 than those of EH group at the beginning and end of trial (14.2 mm vs. 12.8 mm and 24.0 mm v.s. 19.1 mm). During the experiment, the backfat thickness of the pigs from EB were significantly thicker (P ＜ 0.05) than EH group (9.8 mm vs. 6.3 mm). The average daily feed intake (ADFI) of pigs from EE group were significantly lower P ＜ 0.05 than those of EB group. However, the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs from EE group were larger than those of EB group. The EE pigs could efficiently (P ＜ 0.05) utilize the feed than EB pigs. The improvement on body size was small when Berkshire or Hampshire were used to breed TLRI black pig No. 1. The pigs from EB group had significantly thicker backfat, bellyfat and higher carcass fat percentage than EH and EE groups. Pigs from EH group had significantly larger lean percentage and the loin eye area than those of both EB and EE groups. Although pigs from TLRI black pig No. 1 bred with Hampshire had better carcass quality, the low percentage of black hair dampened its role in the commercial black pig production.

並列關鍵字

TLRI black pig No. 1 ； Berkshire ； Hampshire

主題瀏覽