調整材組成對蛋雞排泄物堆肥化處理之影響

Effects of the compositions of bulking agents on the composting of layer excreta

蘇天明(Tein-Ming Su) ； 翁義翔(Yi-Hsiang Weng) ； 鍾承訓(Cheng-Hsun Chung) ； 蕭庭訓(Ting-Hsun Hsiao) ； 程梅萍(Mei-Ping Cheng)

《畜產研究》 51卷2期 (2018/06) Pp. 116-125

摘要

本試驗旨在探討蛋雞排泄物中添加不同稻殼與稻蒿比例之碳源調整材，作為堆肥原料，對堆肥化處理過程和堆肥成品成分之影響。在新鮮的蛋雞排泄物中添加4種不同稻殼及稻蒿容積比例的調整材，A組（對照組100：0）、B組（75：25）、C 組（50：50） 及D組（25：75），混合後進行40天的堆肥化處理，分析堆肥化前、堆肥化第14天及堆肥化後之成分變化。結果顯示，堆肥化期間各組皆有連續15天以上發酵溫度達55℃以上，堆肥化第14天時，除了C組油菜種子相對發芽率（relative seed germination, RSG） 僅69.54%外，不論苜蓿或油菜種子的RSG皆達80%以上，而堆肥化後各組苜蓿及油菜種子的RSG皆達90%以上。A組與B組堆肥化期間乾物質損失率較C組與D組為低。堆肥化處理後，各組的含水率和有機碳含量皆較堆肥化前及堆肥化第14天降低，pH值皆隨著堆肥化日數增加而提高，而氮、磷、鉀、鈣、鈉及有機碳含量與碳氮比則與堆肥化第14天相近。各組堆肥化後銅濃度約為堆肥化前的1.14－1.25倍，鋅濃度則為堆肥化前的1.14－1.53倍。綜合以上結果，利用稻蒿替代稻殼作為蛋雞排泄物之碳源調整材，對堆肥化過程並無明顯之影響。

關鍵字

蛋雞排泄物 ； 調整材 ； 堆肥化

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the carbon source bulking agent as raw materials on the composting process and compost compositions of layer excreta. The fresh layer excreta were assigned to four treatments with different volume ratio of rice hull: rice straw as bulking agents, i.e., 100:0 (group A; control group), 75:25 (group B), 50:50 (group C) and 25:75 (group D) with raw materials of compost. The raw materials of compost was mixed and composting treatment for 40 days. The composition of compost piles were analyzed before composting, 14th day of composting and after composting. The results showed that the fermentation temperature reached 55ºC for more than 15 days in each group. At 14th day of composting, the germination rates (RSG) of for group C was 70%, while RSG of alfalfa and rapeseed all reached over 80%. After composting for 40 days, the RSGs of alfalfa and rapeseed all over 90% for all groups. During the composting period, the groups A and B had lower dry matter loss than the groups C and D. After composting, the moisture and organic carbon contents were respectively decrease than those before and at 14th day of composting, and the pH value gradually increased during composting in all groups. The contents of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, calcium, sodium, organic carbon and carbon nitrogen ratio after composting were similar than at 14th day of composting in all groups. The copper and zinc concentrations after composting were 1.14 to 1.25 times and 1.14 to 1.53 times of those before composting, respectively. In conclusion, using rice straw to replace rice hull as bulking agents do not affect the composting process.

並列關鍵字

layer excreta ； bulking agents ； composting