有效益芻料作物甜高粱及燕麥之生產III.地區輪作模式之經濟效益與SWOT分析

Production of profit-basis forage crops - Sweet Sorghum and Avena: III. Economic benefit evaluation and SWOT analysis of regional rotation production modes

陳勃聿(Po-Yu Chen) ； 張世融(Shyh-Rong Chang)

《畜產研究》 55卷4期 (2022/12) Pp. 256-266

https://doi.org/10.6991/JTLR.202212_55(4).0004

摘要

本試驗報告旨在評估我國各地區芻料作物輪作模式之經濟效益，以及分析國產芻料作物的經營策略。本試驗的芻料作物輪作模式分別為彰化縣福興鄉之A.水稻（Oryza sativa L.）－甜高粱（Sorghum bicolor（L）Moench）－早熟型燕麥（Avena strigosa Schreb.）、B.綠肥大豆（Glycine max L.）－甜高粱－燕麥（Avena sativa L.）；臺南市鹽水區之C.甜高粱－綠肥大豆－青割玉米（Zea mays L.）、D.綠肥大豆－甜高粱－燕麥；臺東縣鹿野鄉之E.綠肥大豆－水稻－早熟型燕麥、F.綠肥大豆－甜高粱－燕麥。經過2年的順利運作及調查研究，6個輪作模式確實可以應用於各地區施行實作。在平均產值部分，以水稻的每公頃新臺幣137,529（NTD/ha）為最高，燕麥Swan的87,033 NTD/ha次之，甜高粱的76,909 NTD/ha再次之，而燕麥Saia的平均產值僅為45,120 NTD/ha，是所有作物裡產值最低的。在平均總收入部分，以甜高粱（65,009 NTD/ha）最高，水稻（41,328 NTD/ha）次之，燕麥Swan（41,033 NTD/ha）再次之，顯示栽培甜高粱及燕麥是可增加收益的。各模式的全年平均總收入中，除彰化縣福興鄉的模式B（151,913 NTD/ha）小於模式A（152,876 NTD/ha）外，其它地區皆以專門生產芻料作物的輪作模式（D及F）較高，顯示生產芻料作物具有較高的經濟效益。另一方面，本報告的分析指出，國產芻料燕麥是具有經濟潛力及市場優勢的，將其納入芻料生產輪作模式加以推廣種植，將有助解決國內冬季缺草問題。

關鍵字

芻料 ； 生產 ； 經濟 ； 效益

並列摘要

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the economic benefits of different crop rotation production modes in various regions in Taiwan, and to analyze the management strategies of domestic forage production. These six forage rotation production modes were proposed as follows: Fuxing Township of Changhua County, A. Paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.)- sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench)- precocious oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) and B. manure soybean (Glycine max L.)- sweet sorghum- late maturing oat (Avena sativa L.); Yenshui District of Tainan City, C. sweet sorghum- manure soybean- silage corn (Zea mays L.) and D. manure soybean- sweet sorghum- late maturing oat.; Luye Township of Taitung County, E. manure soybean- rice- precocious oat and F. manure soybean- sweet sorghum- late maturing oat. After two years of successful operation and investigation research, the results showed that the six crop rotation modes could indeed be applied to various regions for implementation.In terms of the average output values, the highest value was paddy rice with 137,529 NTD (New Taiwan Dollars)/ha, followed by oat Swan with 87,033 NTD/ha, and then followed by sweet sorghum with 76,909 NTD/ha, while oat Saia with 45,120 NTD/ha was the lowest output value among all crops. In terms of average total income, sweet sorghum yielded the highest with 65,009 NTD/ha, followed by rice with 41,328 NTD/ha, and oat Swan with 41,033 NTD/ha, indicating that the cultivation of sweet sorghum and oat Swan might be possible to increase revenue. Except for Mode B (151,913 NTD/ha) in Fuxing Township, Changhua County, which had lower annual average total income than that of Mode A (152,876 NTD/ha). All other regions adopting the crop rotation mode specializing in the production of forage crops (Mode D and F) had higher annual averaged total income. It indicated that the economic benefits of forage crops production were higher. On the other hand, the analysis of this report suggested that domestic forage oats had the economic potential and market advantages. It was suggested that forage oats could be included into the forage production rotation modes to produce forages, which might help improve the short age of domestic forage in winter.

並列關鍵字

Forage ； Production ； Economic ； Benefits